ස්වෛරී රාජ්ය ලැයිස්තුව
මෙම ලිපිය පරිවර්තනය කළ යුතුය කරුණාකර මෙම ලිපිය සිංහල භාෂාවට පරිවර්තනය කිරීමෙන් දායකවන්න. |
මෙම ලිපිය හෝ අනුමාතෘකා කොටස යාවත්කාලීන නොවී තිබීමට ඉඩ ඇත. ඔබ නව තොරතුරු සොයන්නේ නම් වෙනස්වීමට ඉඩ ඇති තොරතුරු සහ දත්ත සඳහා, අදාල ඉංග්රීසි, ජ'මන් වැනි වැඩි ක්රියාකරී විකිපීඩියාවක ලිපිය හෝ මාතෘකාවට වඩාත් අදාලවන ප්රජාවේ බසින් ඇති ලිපිය කියවන්න. එය යාවත්කාලීන කර තිබීමට වැඩි සම්භාවිතාවක් ඇත. ඔබ මෙම විෂයය පිලිබඳ දැනුවත්නම් මෙය යාවත්කාලීන කිරීමට දායකවන්න. |
මෙම ලිපිය පහසු කියැවීමට හා සැරිසැරීමට බාධා වන තරම් විශාලත්වයකින් යුක්ත වීමට ඉඩ ඇත. (2011 අගෝස්තු) |

රටවල් ලැයිස්තුව
සංස්කරණයඑක්සත් ජාතීන්ගේ සාමාජික රටවල් සහ මහා මණ්ඩල නියෝජනය රටවල්
සංස්කරණය
"Membership within the UN System" column legend |
"Sovereignty dispute" column legend Undisputed sovereignty
Disputed sovereignty
|
පොදු සහ විධිමත් නම් | එක්සත් ජාතීන්ගේ පද්ධතිය තුළ සාමාජිකත්වය [a] | ස්වෛරීභාවය පිළිබඳ ආරවුල [b] | ස්වෛරීභාවයේ තත්ත්වය සහ පිළිගැනීම පිළිබඳ වැඩිදුර තොරතුරු[d] |
---|---|---|---|
Afghanistan – ඇෆ්ගනිස්ථාන ඉස්ලාමීක ජනරජය | එක්සත් ජාතීන්ගේ සාමාජික රාජ්යය | නැත | 2021 සිට බලයේ සිටින ඇෆ්ගනිස්ථානයේ පාලක ඉස්ලාමීය එමීර් රාජ්යය, එක්සත් ජාතීන්ගේ සංවිධානය හෝ වෙනත් කිසිදු රාජ්යයක් විසින් පිළිගෙන නොමැත. අක්රියව පවතින Afghanistan පිළිගත් රජය ලෙස පවතී.[2][3] |
Albania – ඇල්බේනියා ජනරජය | එක්සත් ජාතීන්ගේ සාමාජික රාජ්යය | නැත | |
Algeria – ඇල්ජීරියා මහජන ප්රජාතන්ත්රවාදී ජනරජය | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Andorra – Principality of Andorra | UN member state | None | Andorra is a co-principality in which the office of head of state is jointly held ex officio by the French president and the bishop of the Roman Catholic diocese of Urgell,[4] who himself is appointed with approval from the Holy See. |
Angola – Republic of Angola | UN member state | None | |
Antigua and Barbuda | UN member state | None | Antigua and Barbuda is a Commonwealth realm[e] with one autonomous region, Barbuda.[5][f] |
Argentina – Argentine Republic[g] | UN member state | None | Argentina is a federation of 23 provinces and one autonomous city.[h] |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Armenia – Republic of Armenia | UN member state | Not recognised by Pakistan | Armenia is not recognised by Pakistan due to the dispute over Artsakh.[7][8][9]සැකිල්ල:Needs update |
Australia – Commonwealth of Australia | UN member state | None | Australia is a Commonwealth realm[e] and a federation of both states and territories. There are six states, three internal territories, six external territories and one claimed Antarctic external territory. The external territories of Australia are: |
Austria – Republic of Austria | UN member state | None | Member of the European Union.[c] Austria is a federation of nine states. |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Azerbaijan – Republic of Azerbaijan[i] | UN member state | None | Azerbaijan contains one autonomous region, Nakhchivan.[f] |
Bahamas, The – Commonwealth of The Bahamas[11] | UN member state | None | The Bahamas is a Commonwealth realm.[e] |
Bahrain – Kingdom of Bahrain | UN member state | None | |
Bangladesh – People's Republic of Bangladesh | UN member state | None | |
Barbados | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Belarus – Republic of Belarus | UN member state | None | Many states rescinded their recognition of President Alexander Lukashenko following the disputed 2020 election. Lithuania currently recognises Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya's Coordination Council as the legitimate government of Belarus.[12] |
Belgium – Kingdom of Belgium | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] Belgium is a federation of three linguistic communities and three regions. |
Belize | UN member state | None | Belize is a Commonwealth realm.[e] |
Benin – Republic of Benin | UN member state | None | |
Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan | UN member state | None | |
Bolivia – Plurinational State of Bolivia | UN member state | None | |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | UN member state | None | Bosnia and Herzegovina has two constituent entities:
and Brčko District, a self-governing administrative district.[13] |
Botswana – Republic of Botswana | UN member state | None | |
Brazil – Federative Republic of Brazil | UN member state | None | Brazil is a federation of 26 states and one federal district. |
Brunei – Brunei Darussalam | UN member state | None | |
Bulgaria – Republic of Bulgaria | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Burkina Faso | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Burundi – Republic of Burundi | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Cambodia – Kingdom of Cambodia | UN member state | None | |
Cameroon – Republic of Cameroon | UN member state | None | |
Canada[j] | UN member state | None | Canada is a Commonwealth realm[e] and a federation of 10 provinces and three territories. |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Cape Verde – Republic of Cabo Verde[k] | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Central African Republic | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Chad – Republic of Chad | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Chile – Republic of Chile | UN member state | None | Chile has one special territory, Easter Island.[l] |
China – People's Republic of China[m] | UN member state | Partially unrecognised. Claimed by the Republic of China | China contains five autonomous regions, Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Tibet, and Xinjiang.[f] Additionally, it has sovereignty over two Special Administrative Regions:
China claims, but does not control, Taiwan, which is governed by a rival administration (the Republic of China) that claims all of China as its territory.[n] China is not recognised by ප්රකාශන දෝෂය: හඳුනානොගත් විරාම සංකේතය "[" UN member states and Vatican City, which, with the exception of Bhutan, all recognise the Republic of China (Taiwan) instead.[o] |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Colombia – Republic of Colombia | UN member state | None | |
Comoros – Union of the Comoros | UN member state | None | Comoros is a federation of three islands.[p] |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Democratic Republic of the Congo[q] | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Republic of the Congo[r] | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Costa Rica – Republic of Costa Rica | UN member state | None | |
Croatia – Republic of Croatia | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] |
Cuba – Republic of Cuba | UN member state | None | |
Cyprus – Republic of Cyprus | UN member state | Not recognised by Turkey[16] | Member of the EU.[c] The northeastern part of the island is the de facto state of Northern Cyprus.
Cyprus is not recognised by Turkey due to the Cyprus problem, with Turkey recognising Northern Cyprus. |
Czech Republic[s] | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Kingdom of Denmark – Kingdom of Denmark | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] The Kingdom of Denmark includes two self-governing territories:
The metropolitan territory of Denmark, the Faroe Islands and Greenland form the three constituent countries of the Kingdom.[t] The Kingdom of Denmark as a whole is a member of the EU, but EU law (in most cases) does not apply to the Faroe Islands and Greenland. See Greenland and the European Union, and Faroe Islands and the European Union.[17][18] |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Djibouti – Republic of Djibouti | UN member state | None | |
Dominica – Commonwealth of Dominica | UN member state | None | |
Dominican Republic | UN member state | None | |
Ecuador – Republic of Ecuador | UN member state | None | |
Egypt – Arab Republic of Egypt | UN member state | None | |
El Salvador – Republic of El Salvador | UN member state | None | |
Equatorial Guinea – Republic of Equatorial Guinea | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Eritrea – State of Eritrea | UN member state | None | |
Estonia – Republic of Estonia | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] |
Eswatini – Kingdom of Eswatini[u] | UN member state | None | |
Ethiopia – Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia | UN member state | None | Ethiopia is a federation of 12 regions and two chartered cities. |
Fiji – Republic of Fiji | UN member state | None | Fiji contains one autonomous region, Rotuma.[f][19][20] |
Finland – Republic of Finland | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] |
France – French Republic | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] France contains five overseas regions/departments; French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, and Réunion. France also includes eight overseas territories: |
Gabon – Gabonese Republic | UN member state | None | |
Gambia, The – Republic of The Gambia[21] | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Georgia (country) | UN member state | None | Georgia contains two autonomous republics, Adjara and Abkhazia.[f] In Abkhazia and South Ossetia, de facto states have been formed. |
Germany – Federal Republic of Germany | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] Germany is a federation of 16 states. |
Ghana – Republic of Ghana | UN member state | None | |
Greece – Hellenic Republic | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] Greece contains one autonomous area, Mount Athos.[22] |
Grenada | UN member state | None | Grenada is a Commonwealth realm.[e] |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Guinea – Republic of Guinea[x] | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Guinea-Bissau – Republic of Guinea-Bissau | UN member state | None | |
Guyana – Co-operative Republic of Guyana | UN member state | None | |
Haiti – Republic of Haiti | UN member state | None | |
Honduras – Republic of Honduras | UN member state | None | |
Hungary | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Iceland[y] | UN member state | None | |
India – Republic of India | UN member state | None | India is a federation of 28 states and eight union territories. |
Indonesia – Republic of Indonesia | UN member state | None | Indonesia has nine autonomous provinces: Aceh, Jakarta, Central Papua, Highland Papua, Papua, South Papua, Southwest Papua, West Papua, and Yogyakarta.[f] |
Iran – Islamic Republic of Iran | UN member state | None | |
Iraq – Republic of Iraq | UN member state | None | Iraq is a federation[p][26] of 19 governorates, four of which make up the autonomous Kurdistan Region.[f] |
Ireland[z] | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] |
Israel – State of Israel | UN member state | Partially unrecognised | Israel exerts strong control over the territory claimed by Palestine. It has annexed East Jerusalem,[28] an act not recognised by the international community.[29] Israel has varying levels of control over the rest of the West Bank, and although it ended its permanent civilian or military presence in the Gaza Strip, it is still considered to be the occupying power under international law.[30][31][32][33]
Israel is not recognised as a state by 28 UN members and the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. The Palestine Liberation Organization, recognised by a majority of UN member states as the representative of the Palestinian people, recognised Israel in 1993. |
Italy – Italian Republic | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] Italy has five autonomous regions: Aosta Valley, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Sardinia, Sicily and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol.[f] |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Ivory Coast – Republic of Côte d'Ivoire[aa] | UN member state | None | |
Jamaica | UN member state | None | Jamaica is a Commonwealth realm.[e] |
Japan | UN member state | None | |
Jordan – Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Kazakhstan – Republic of Kazakhstan | UN member state | None | |
Kenya – Republic of Kenya | UN member state | None | |
Kiribati – Republic of Kiribati | UN member state | None | |
Kuwait – State of Kuwait | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Kyrgyzstan – Kyrgyz Republic | UN member state | None | |
Laos – Lao People's Democratic Republic | UN member state | None | |
Latvia – Republic of Latvia | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] |
Lebanon – Republic of Lebanon | UN member state | None | |
Lesotho – Kingdom of Lesotho | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Liberia – Republic of Liberia | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Libya – State of Libya | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Liechtenstein – Principality of Liechtenstein | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Lithuania – Republic of Lithuania | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] |
Luxembourg – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Madagascar – Republic of Madagascar | UN member state | None | |
Malawi – Republic of Malawi | UN member state | None | |
Malaysia | UN member state | None | Malaysia is a federation of 13 states and three federal territories. |
Maldives – Republic of Maldives | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Mali – Republic of Mali | UN member state | None | |
Malta – Republic of Malta | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Marshall Islands – Republic of the Marshall Islands | UN member state | None | Under Compact of Free Association with the United States. |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Mauritania – Islamic Republic of Mauritania | UN member state | None | |
Mauritius – Republic of Mauritius | UN member state | None | Mauritius has an autonomous island, Rodrigues.[f] |
Mexico – United Mexican States | UN member state | None | Mexico is a federation of 31 states and one autonomous city. |
Micronesia, Federated States of | UN member state | None | Under Compact of Free Association with the United States. The Federated States of Micronesia is a federation of four states. |
Moldova – Republic of Moldova | UN member state | None | Moldova has two autonomous territorial units, Gagauzia and the Left Bank of the Dniester. The latter and a city, Bender (Tighina), are under the de facto control of Transnistria. |
Monaco – Principality of Monaco | UN member state | None | |
Mongolia | UN member state | None | |
Montenegro | UN member state | None | |
Morocco – Kingdom of Morocco | UN member state | None | Part of the Moroccan-claimed Western Sahara is controlled by the partially recognised Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. |
Mozambique – Republic of Mozambique | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Myanmar – Republic of the Union of Myanmar[ab] | UN member state | None | Wa State is a de facto autonomous state within Myanmar. The United Nations has not recognised the de facto ruling government of Myanmar, the State Administration Council.[3] |
Namibia – Republic of Namibia | UN member state | None | |
Nauru – Republic of Nauru | UN member state | None | |
Nepal – Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal | UN member state | None | Nepal is a federation composed of seven provinces. |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Kingdom of the Netherlands – Kingdom of the Netherlands | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] The Kingdom of the Netherlands includes four areas with substantial autonomy:
The Metropolitan Netherlands, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten form the four constituent countries of the Kingdom. Three overseas parts of the Netherlands (Bonaire, Saba and Sint Eustatius) are special municipalities of the metropolitan Netherlands.[ac] The Kingdom of the Netherlands as a whole is a member of the EU, but EU law only wholly applies to parts within Europe. |
New Zealand | UN member state | None | New Zealand is a Commonwealth realm,[e] and has one dependent territory and one claimed Antarctic dependent territory:
The New Zealand Government acts for the entire Realm of New Zealand in all international contexts, which has responsibilities for (but no rights of control over) two freely associated states: The Cook Islands and Niue have diplomatic relations with සැකිල්ල:Numrel and සැකිල්ල:Numrel UN members respectively.[34][35] They have full treaty-making capacity in the UN,[36] and are members of some UN specialized agencies. |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua | UN member state | None | Nicaragua contains two autonomous regions, North Caribbean Coast and South Caribbean Coast.[f] |
Niger – Republic of the Niger | UN member state | None | |
Nigeria – Federal Republic of Nigeria | UN member state | None | Nigeria is a federation of 36 states and one federal territory. |
North Korea – Democratic People's Republic of Korea | UN member state | South Korea | Claimed byNorth Korea is not recognised by one UN member, South Korea, which claims to be the sole legitimate government of Korea.[37] |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත North Macedonia – Republic of North Macedonia[ad] | UN member state | None | |
Norway – Kingdom of Norway | UN member state | None | Norway has two unincorporated areas in Europe:
Norway has one dependent territory and two claimed Antarctic dependent territories in the Southern Hemisphere: |
Oman – Sultanate of Oman | UN member state | None | |
Pakistan – Islamic Republic of Pakistan | UN member state | None | Pakistan is a federation of four provinces and one capital territory. Pakistan exercises control over certain portions of Kashmir, but has not officially annexed any of it,[38][39] instead regarding it as a disputed territory.[40][41] The portions that it controls are divided into two territories, administered separately from Pakistan proper:
Azad Kashmir describes itself as a "self-governing state under Pakistani control", while Gilgit-Baltistan is described in its governance order as a group of "areas" with self-government.[42][43][44] These territories are not usually regarded as sovereign, as they do not fulfil the criteria set out by the declarative theory of statehood (for example, their current laws do not allow them to engage independently in relations with other states). Several state functions of these territories (such as foreign affairs and defense) are performed by Pakistan.[43][45][46] |
Palau – Republic of Palau | UN member state | None | Under Compact of Free Association with the United States. |
Palestine – State of Palestine | UN General Assembly observer state; member of two UN specialized agencies | Partially unrecognised | The State of Palestine, declared in 1988, is not recognised as a state by Israel but has received diplomatic recognition from 138 states.[47] The proclaimed state has no agreed territorial borders, or effective control over much of the territory that it proclaimed.[48] The Palestinian Authority is an interim administrative body formed as a result of the Oslo Accords that exercises limited autonomous jurisdiction within the occupied Palestinian territories. In foreign relations, Palestine is represented by the Palestine Liberation Organization.[49] The State of Palestine is a member state of UNESCO,[50] UNIDO and other international organizations.[51] |
Panama – Republic of Panama | UN member state | None | |
Papua New Guinea – Independent State of Papua New Guinea | UN member state | None | Papua New Guinea is a Commonwealth realm[e] with one autonomous region, Bougainville.[f] |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Paraguay – Republic of Paraguay | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Peru – Republic of Peru | UN member state | None | |
Philippines – Republic of the Philippines | UN member state | None | The Philippines contains one autonomous region, Bangsamoro.[f] |
Poland – Republic of Poland | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] |
Portugal – Portuguese Republic | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] Portugal contains two autonomous regions, the Azores and Madeira.[f] |
Qatar – State of Qatar | UN member state | None | |
Romania | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] |
Russia – Russian Federation | UN member state | None | Russia is a federation of 83 internationally recognised federal subjects (republics, oblasts, krais, autonomous okrugs, federal cities, and an autonomous oblast). Several of the federal subjects are ethnic republics.[f] |
Rwanda – Republic of Rwanda | UN member state | None | |
Saint Kitts and Nevis – Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis | UN member state | None | Saint Kitts and Nevis is a Commonwealth realm[e] and is a federation[p] of two islands, Saint Kitts and Nevis. |
Saint Lucia | UN member state | None | Saint Lucia is a Commonwealth realm.[e] |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | UN member state | None | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is a Commonwealth realm.[e] |
Samoa – Independent State of Samoa | UN member state | None | |
San Marino – Republic of San Marino | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත São Tomé and Príncipe – Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe | UN member state | None | São Tomé and Príncipe contains one autonomous province, Príncipe.[f] |
Saudi Arabia – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia | UN member state | None | |
Senegal – Republic of Senegal | UN member state | None | |
Serbia – Republic of Serbia | UN member state | None | Serbia contains two autonomous provinces, Vojvodina and Kosovo and Metohija.[f] The latter is under the de facto control of Kosovo. |
Seychelles – Republic of Seychelles | UN member state | None | |
Sierra Leone – Republic of Sierra Leone | UN member state | None | |
Singapore – Republic of Singapore | UN member state | None | |
Slovakia – Slovak Republic | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] |
Slovenia – Republic of Slovenia | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] |
Solomon Islands | UN member state | None | Solomon Islands is a Commonwealth realm.[e] |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Somalia – Federal Republic of Somalia | UN member state | None | Somalia is a federation of six states. Two, Puntland and Galmudug, have self-declared autonomy, while one, Somaliland, is de facto independent. |
South Africa – Republic of South Africa | UN member state | None | |
South Korea – Republic of Korea | UN member state | North Korea | Claimed bySouth Korea has one autonomous region, Jeju Province.[f][52]
South Korea is not recognised by North Korea, which claims to be the sole legitimate government of Korea. |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත South Sudan – Republic of South Sudan | UN member state | None | South Sudan is a federation of 10 states and three administrative areas.
The Abyei Area is a zone with "special administrative status" established by the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2005. It is de jure a condominium of South Sudan and Sudan, but de facto administered by two competing administrations and the United Nations.[53][54] |
Spain – Kingdom of Spain | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] Spain is divided into 17 autonomous communities and two special autonomous cities.[f][ae] |
Sri Lanka – Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka[af] | UN member state | None | |
Sudan – Republic of the Sudan | UN member state | None | Sudan is a federation of 18 states.
The Abyei Area is a zone with "special administrative status" established by the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2005. It is de jure a condominium of South Sudan and Sudan, but de facto administered by two competing administrations and the United Nations.[53][54] |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Suriname – Republic of Suriname | UN member state | None | |
Sweden – Kingdom of Sweden | UN member state | None | Member of the EU.[c] |
Switzerland – Swiss Confederation | UN member state | None | Switzerland is a federation of 26 cantons. |
Syria – Syrian Arab Republic | UN member state | None | During the Syrian civil war, the Syrian National Coalition (SNC) was recognised as the legitimate representative of the Syrian people by 20 UN members and established an interim government to rule rebel-controlled territory. After the fall of the Assad regime, the SNC declared its allegiance to the new government.
Syria has one self-declared autonomous region, Rojava. |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Tajikistan – Republic of Tajikistan | UN member state | None | Tajikistan contains one autonomous region, Gorno-Badakhshan.[f] |
Tanzania – United Republic of Tanzania | UN member state | None | Tanzania contains one autonomous region, Zanzibar.[f] |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Thailand – Kingdom of Thailand | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Timor-Leste – Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste[ag] | UN member state | None | |
Togo – Togolese Republic | UN member state | None | |
Tonga – Kingdom of Tonga | UN member state | None | |
Trinidad and Tobago – Republic of Trinidad and Tobago | UN member state | None | Trinidad and Tobago contains one autonomous region, Tobago.[f] |
Tunisia – Republic of Tunisia | UN member state | None | |
Turkey – Republic of Türkiye[ah] | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Turkmenistan | UN member state | None | |
Tuvalu | UN member state | None | Tuvalu is a Commonwealth realm.[e] |
Uganda – Republic of Uganda | UN member state | None | |
Ukraine | UN member state | None | Ukraine contains one autonomous region, the Autonomous Republic of Crimea,[f] which is under the control of Russia. Seven other areas of Ukraine are under full or partial Russian control, including Donetsk, Kharkiv, Kherson, Luhansk, Mykolaiv, Zaporizhzhia oblasts and Sevastopol. |
United Arab Emirates | UN member state | None | The United Arab Emirates is a federation of seven emirates. |
United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | UN member state | None | The United Kingdom is a Commonwealth realm[e] consisting of four constituent countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. The United Kingdom has the following 13 overseas territories and one claimed Antarctic dependent territory:
The British monarch also has direct sovereignty over three self-governing Crown Dependencies: |
United States – United States of America | UN member state | None | The United States is a federation of 50 states, one federal district, and one incorporated territory (Palmyra Atoll).
Additionally, the federal government of the United States has sovereignty over 13 unincorporated territories. Of these unincorporated territories, five are inhabited possessions: The United States also has sovereignty over eight uninhabited territories:
The United States disputes sovereignty over two territories: Three sovereign states have become associated states of the United States under the Compact of Free Association: |
Uruguay – Oriental Republic of Uruguay | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Uzbekistan – Republic of Uzbekistan | UN member state | None | Uzbekistan contains one autonomous region, Karakalpakstan.[f] |
Vanuatu – Republic of Vanuatu | UN member state | None | |
Vatican City – Vatican City State | UN General Assembly observer state under the designation of "Holy See"; member of three UN specialized agencies | None | Administered by the Holy See, a sovereign entity with diplomatic relations to 183 states (including 180 UN member states, the Cook Islands, the Republic of China (Taiwan), and Palestine).[55] In addition, the European Union and the Sovereign Military Order of Malta maintain diplomatic relations with the Holy See. The Holy See is a member of three UN specialized agencies (ITU, UPU, and WIPO) and the IAEA, as well as being a permanent observer of the UN (in the category of "Non-member State")[49] and multiple other UN System organizations. The Vatican City is governed by officials appointed by the Pope, who is the Bishop of the Diocese of Rome and ex officio sovereign of Vatican City. |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Venezuela – Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela | UN member state | None | Venezuela is a federation of 23 states, one capital district, and federal dependencies. |
Vietnam – Socialist Republic of Vietnam | UN member state | None | |
Yemen – Republic of Yemen | UN member state | None | |
Zambia – Republic of Zambia | UN member state | None | |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Zimbabwe – Republic of Zimbabwe | UN member state | None |
Other states
සංස්කරණය
"Membership within the UN System" column legend Member state of a UN Specialized Agency
No membership
|
"Sovereignty dispute" column legend Undisputed sovereignty
Disputed sovereignty
|
Common and formal names | Membership within the UN System[a] | Sovereignty dispute[b] | Further information on status and recognition of sovereignty[d] |
---|---|---|---|
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Abkhazia – Republic of Abkhazia | No membership | Georgia | Claimed byRecognised by Russia, Nicaragua, Nauru, Syria, Venezuela, South Ossetia, and Transnistria.[56] Claimed in whole by Georgia as the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia. |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Cook Islands | UN specialized agencies | Member of eight(See political status) |
NoneA state in free association with New Zealand, the Cook Islands maintains diplomatic relations with at least 63 other states and is recognized as a sovereign state by a number of them. The Cook Islands is a member of multiple UN agencies with full treaty-making capacity.[36] It shares a head of state with New Zealand as well as having shared citizenship. |
Kosovo – Republic of Kosovo | UN specialized agencies | Member of twoSerbia | Claimed byPursuant to United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244, Kosovo was placed under the administration of the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo in 1999.[57] Kosovo declared independence in 2008, and it has received diplomatic recognition from 112 UN member states and the Republic of China (Taiwan), while 18 of those states have recognised Kosovo only to later withdraw their recognition.[58] Serbia continues to maintain its sovereignty claim over Kosovo. Other UN member states and non UN member states continue to recognise Serbian sovereignty or have taken no position on the question. Kosovo is a member of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Group. The Republic of Kosovo has de facto control over most of the territory, with limited control in North Kosovo. |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Niue | UN specialized agencies | Member of five(See political status) |
NoneA state in free association with New Zealand, Niue maintains diplomatic relations with at least 28 other states and is recognized as a sovereign state by a number of them. Niue is a member of multiple UN agencies with full treaty-making capacity.[36] It shares a head of state with New Zealand as well as having shared citizenship. |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Northern Cyprus – Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus | No membership | Republic of Cyprus | Claimed by theRecognised only by Turkey. Under the name "Turkish Cypriot State", it is an observer state of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and the Economic Cooperation Organization. Northern Cyprus is claimed in whole by the Republic of Cyprus.[59] |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic | No membership | Morocco | Claimed byThe Polisario Front, which administers the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, is recognized by the UN as the legitimate representative of the people of Western Sahara.[60][61] Recognised at some stage by [[International recognition of සැකිල්ල:Numrec/Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic සැකිල්ල:Numrec/Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic|ප්රකාශන දෝෂය: හඳුනානොගත් විරාම සංකේතය "[" UN member states]], ප්රකාශන දෝෂය: හඳුනානොගත් විරාම සංකේතය "[" of which have since withdrawn or frozen their recognition. It is a founding member of the African Union, an international organization with permanent observer status at the UN General Assembly.
The territories under its control, the so-called Free Zone, are claimed in whole by Morocco as part of its Southern Provinces. In turn, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic claims the part of Western Sahara to the west of the Moroccan sand wall controlled by Morocco. Its government resides in exile in Tindouf, Algeria. |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Somaliland – Republic of Somaliland | No membership | Somalia | Claimed byA de facto independent state[62][63][64] not formally diplomatically recognised by any other state[ai] and claimed in whole by the Federal Republic of Somalia.[65] |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත South Ossetia – Republic of South Ossetia–the State of Alania | No membership | Georgia | Claimed byA de facto independent state,[66] recognised by Russia, Nicaragua, Nauru, Syria, Venezuela, Abkhazia, and Transnistria. Claimed in whole by Georgia through the Administration of South Ossetia.[67] |
Taiwan – Republic of China[m] | UN member state until 1971, now no membership | Partially unrecognised. Claimed by the People's Republic of China | A state competing (nominally) for recognition with the People's Republic of China (PRC) as the government of China since 1949. The Republic of China (ROC) controls the islands of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, the Matsu Islands, and Pratas Island, as well as Taiping Island and Zhongzhou Reef of the Spratly Islands, and has not renounced claims over its annexed territories on the mainland.[68] The ROC is recognised by [[International recognition of සැකිල්ල:Numrec/Republic of China සැකිල්ල:Numrec/Republic of China|ප්රකාශන දෝෂය: හඳුනානොගත් විරාම සංකේතය "["]] UN member states and Vatican City, none of which recognise the PRC. Additionally, one UN member (Bhutan) has refrained from recognising either the ROC or the PRC.
In addition to these relations, the ROC also maintains unofficial relations[69] with 58 UN member states, one self-declared state (Somaliland), three territories (Guam, Hong Kong, and Macau), and the European Union via its representative offices and consulates under the One China principle. Taiwan has the 31st-largest diplomatic network in the world with 110 offices.[70] The territory of the ROC is claimed in whole by the PRC.[n] The ROC participates in international organizations under a variety of pseudonyms, most commonly "Chinese Taipei". In the WTO, the ROC has full membership under the designation of "Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu". The ROC was a founding member of the UN and enjoyed membership from 1945 to 1971, with veto power in the UN Security Council. See China and the United Nations. |
සැකිල්ල:රටේ දත්ත Transnistria – Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic | No membership | Moldova | Claimed byA de facto independent state,[62] recognised only by Abkhazia and South Ossetia.[56] Claimed in whole by Moldova.[71] |
ආශ්රිත
සංස්කරණය- Armorial of sovereign states
- Gallery of sovereign state flags
- ISO 3166-1
- List of adjectival and demonymic forms for countries and nations
- List of administrative divisions by country
- List of associated states
- List of condominiums
- List of countries and dependencies and their capitals in native languages
- List of countries and dependencies by area
- List of countries and dependencies by population
- List of countries by United Nations geoscheme
- List of country-name etymologies
- List of dependent territories
- List of international rankings
- List of ISO 3166 country codes
- List of micronations
- List of national capitals
- List of rebel groups that control territory
- List of states with limited recognition
- List of territorial disputes
- List of territories governed by the United Nations
- Lists of political entities by century
- Lists of state leaders by century
- Member states of the United Nations
- Sovereign state
- Template:Clickable world map
- Terra nullius
- United Nations list of non-self-governing territories
සටහන්
සංස්කරණය- ^ a b මෙම තීරුවෙන් දැක්වෙන්නේ යම් රාජ්යයක් එක්සත් ජාතීන්ගේ සාමාජිකයෙකු ද නැද්ද යන්නයි.[1] It also indicates which non-member states participate in the United Nations System through membership in the International Atomic Energy Agency or one of the specialized agencies of the United Nations. All United Nations members belong to at least one specialized agency and are parties to the statute of the International Court of Justice.
- ^ a b This column indicates whether or not a state is the subject of a major sovereignty dispute. Only states whose entire sovereignty is disputed by another state are listed.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab The member states of the European Union have transferred part of their sovereignty in the form of legislative, executive, and judicial powers to the institutions of the EU, which is an example of supranational union. The EU has 27 member states.[10]
- ^ a b Information is included on:
- The extent to which a state's sovereignty is recognised internationally. More information can be found at List of states with limited recognition,
- Membership in the European Union,[c] where applicable,
- Any dependencies, if applicable, which are generally not part of the territory of the sovereign state,
- federal structure of the state, where applicable. More information can be found at Federated state,
- Any autonomous areas inside the territory of the sovereign state,
- Any situations where one person is the Head of State of more than one state,
- Any governments-in-exile recognised by at least one state.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Commonwealth realm refers to any member state of the Commonwealth of Nations whose head of state is King Charles III. Each realm is separate, independent, and a sovereign state; see Commonwealth realm interrelationship.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x For more information on divisions with a high degree of autonomy, see List of autonomous areas by country.
- ^ The Argentine Constitution (Art. 35) recognises the following denominations for Argentina: "United Provinces of the Río de la Plata", "Argentine Republic" and "Argentine Confederation"; furthermore, it establishes the usage of "Argentine Nation" for purposes of legislation.
- ^ Argentina's claimed Antarctic territory of Argentine Antarctica (Antártida Argentina) is one of five constituent departments of the province Tierra del Fuego.[6]
- ^ "Azerbaijan Republic" is sometimes used in an official capacity.
- ^ The legal name for Canada is the sole word; an officially sanctioned, though disused, name is Dominion of Canada (which includes its legal title); see: Use of Dominion, Dominion#Canada.
- ^ The government of Cape Verde declared "Cabo Verde" to be the official English name of the country in 2013.[14]
- ^ Chile's claimed Antarctic territory of the Chilean Antarctic (Antártica Chilena) is a commune of the Antártica Chilena Province of the Magallanes Region.
- ^ a b The People's Republic of China (PRC) is commonly referred to as "China", while the Republic of China (ROC) is commonly referred to as "Taiwan". The ROC is also occasionally known diplomatically as Chinese Taipei, or by other alternative names.
- ^ a b In 1949, the Republic of China government led by the Kuomintang (KMT) lost the Chinese Civil War to the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and set up a provisional capital in Taipei. The CCP established the PRC. As such, the political status of the ROC and legal status of Taiwan (alongside the territories under ROC jurisdiction) are in dispute. In 1971, the United Nations gave the China seat to the PRC. In the view of the United Nations, no member of the organization withdrew as a consequence of this, but the ROC representatives declared that they were withdrawing. Most states recognise the PRC to be the sole legitimate representative of all China, and the UN classifies Taiwan as "Taiwan, Province of China". The ROC has de facto relations with most sovereign states. A significant political movement within Taiwan advocates Taiwan independence.
- ^ See also Dates of establishment of diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China and Foreign relations of China.
- ^ a b c More information on more or less federal structures can be found at Federal governments.[15]
- ^ Also known as Congo-Kinshasa. Formerly referred to as Zaire, its official name from 1971 to 1997.
- ^ Also known as Congo-Brazzaville.
- ^ An official short name in English has been adopted by the Czech government, "Czechia". This variant remains uncommon, but has been adopted by several companies and organizations including the United Nations. See Name of the Czech Republic.
- ^ The designation "Denmark" can refer either to Metropolitan Denmark or to the entire Danish Realm (e.g. in international organisations).
- ^ Formerly referred to as the Kingdom of Swaziland, its official name until 2018.
- ^ Åland was demilitarized by the Treaty of Paris in 1856, which was later affirmed by the League of Nations in 1921, and in a somewhat different context reaffirmed in the treaty on Finland's admission to the European Union in 1995.
- ^ France's claimed Antarctic territory of Adélie Land (Terre Adélie) is one of five constituent districts of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands.
- ^ Also known as Guinea-Conakry.
- ^ While sometimes referred to as the "Republic of Iceland"[23][24] and sometimes its counterpart Lýðveldið Ísland in Icelandic, the official name of the country is simply "Iceland".[25] One example of the former is the name of the Constitution of Iceland, which in Icelandic is Stjórnarskrá lýðveldisins Íslands and literally means "the Constitution of the republic of Iceland". However, in this usage, "republic" is not capitalized.
- ^ "Ireland" is the official name of the country in English. "Republic of Ireland" (the official description in English) and "Éire" (the official name in Irish) have sometimes been used unofficially to distinguish the state from the larger island of Ireland, however, this is officially deprecated.[27] See names of the Irish state.
- ^ The government of Ivory Coast uses "Côte d'Ivoire" as the official English name of the country.
- ^ The country's official name of Myanmar, adopted in 1989, has been mixed and controversial, with the former name Burma still being used in many cases. See Names of Myanmar.
- ^ The designation "the Netherlands" can refer either to the Metropolitan Netherlands or to the entire Kingdom (e.g. in international organisations).
- ^ Formerly known constitutionally as the "Republic of Macedonia" from 1991 to 2019 and under the international designation of "the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" (FYROM) from 1993 to 2019 due to the Macedonia naming dispute with Greece. Following the Prespa Agreement going into effect in February 2019, the country was renamed "North Macedonia".
- ^ Spain holds several small overseas territories scattered along the Mediterranean coast bordering Morocco, known as the plazas de soberanía.
- ^ Formerly known as Ceylon until 1972.
- ^ Formerly also known as East Timor.
- ^ Formerly the "Republic of Turkey". In 2023, the United Nations recognized "Türkiye" as the official English name of the country after a request made by the Turkish government.
- ^ Though de facto recognized by the Republic of China (Taiwan).
මූලාශ්ර
සංස්කරණය- ^ උපුටාදැක්වීම් දෝෂය: අනීතික
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ටැගය;unms
නමැති ආශ්රේයන් සඳහා කිසිදු පෙළක් සපයා නොතිබුණි - ^ "Taliban announce new government for Afghanistan". BBC News. 7 September 2021. 7 September 2021 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 10 October 2021.
- ^ a b "U.N. Seats Denied, for Now, to Afghanistan's Taliban and Myanmar's Junta". The New York Times. 1 December 2021. 28 December 2021 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 10 January 2022.
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- ^ "Tierra del Fuego and Antarctica". Patagonia-Argentina. 29 March 2023 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 12 September 2020.
- ^ "Pakistan Worldview, Report 21, Visit to Azerbaijan" (PDF). Senate of Pakistan Foreign Relations Committee. 2008. 19 February 2009 දින මුල් පිටපත (PDF) වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී.
- ^ "Nilufer Bakhtiyar: "For Azerbaijan Pakistan does not recognise Armenia as a country"". Today.az. 13 September 2006. 13 August 2011 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්රවේශය 11 June 2023.
- ^ "Pakistan the only country not recognising Armenia – envoy". News.Az. 5 February 2014. 23 February 2014 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්රවේශය 17 February 2014.
We are the only country not recognising Armenia as a state.
- ^ "Country profiles". The European Union. 26 April 2023 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 11 June 2023.
- ^ "Bahamas, The | The Commonwealth". thecommonwealth.org (ඉංග්රීසි බසින්). 15 අගෝස්තු 2013. 9 මාර්තු 2018 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 12 මාර්තු 2018.
- ^ Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Lithuania (23 September 2020). "Lithuanian Foreign Ministry's statement on the situation in Belarus". 3 July 2022 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්රවේශය 14 March 2022.
- ^ Stjepanović, Dejan (2015). "Dual Substate Citizenship as Institutional Innovation: The Case of Bosnia's Brčko District". Nationalism and Ethnic Politics. 21 (4): 382–383. doi:10.1080/13537113.2015.1095043. eISSN 1557-2986. ISSN 1353-7113. OCLC 5927465455. S2CID 146578107.
- ^ Tanya Basu (14 දෙසැම්බර් 2013). "Cape Verde Gets New Name: 5 Things to Know About How Maps Change". National Geographic. 20 ඔක්තෝබර් 2018 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්රවේශය 8 ඔක්තෝබර් 2018.
- ^ Constitution of Comoros, Art. 1.
- ^ Andreas S. Kakouris (9 ජූලි 2010). "Cyprus is not at peace with Turkey". CNN. 18 මැයි 2014 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 17 මැයි 2014.
Turkey stands alone in violation of the will of the international community. It is the only country to recognise the "TRNC" and is the only country that does not recognise the Republic of Cyprus and its government.
- ^ "Home Rule Act of the Faroe Islands : No. 137 of March 23, 1948". Statsministeriat. Copenhagen. 10 September 2015 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්රවේශය 20 May 2015.
- ^ "The Greenland Home Rule Act : Act No. 577 of 29 November 1978". Statsministeriat. Copenhagen. 14 February 2014 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්රවේශය 20 May 2014.
- ^ "Rotuma Act". Laws of Fiji (1978 ed.). Suva, Fiji: Government of Fiji. 1927. 21 June 2010 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්රවේශය 10 July 2010.
- ^ Government of Fiji, Office of the Prime Minister (1978). "Chapter 122: Rotuma Act". Laws of Fiji. University of the South Pacific. 1 මාර්තු 2011 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 10 නොවැම්බර් 2010.
- ^ "The Gambia profile". BBC News. 14 පෙබරවාරි 2018. 11 මාර්තු 2018 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 12 මාර්තු 2018.
- ^ Constitution of Greece, Art. 105.
- ^ "Iceland - Culture, History, & People". 18 ජූලි 2011 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 2 පෙබරවාරි 2016.
- ^ "Working Paper No. 54 : UNGEGN list of country names (Prepared by the United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names)" (PDF). unstats.un.org. Vienna. මැයි 2011. 11 අගෝස්තු 2011 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත (PDF). සම්ප්රවේශය 2 පෙබරවාරි 2016.
- ^ "Hvert er formlegt heiti landsins okkar?". 22 ජූලි 2011 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 2 පෙබරවාරි 2016.
- ^ "Iraqi constitution" (PDF). 18 May 2016 දින මුල් පිටපත (PDF) වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී.
- ^ Daly, Mary E. (January 2007). "The Irish Free State/Éire/Republic of Ireland/Ireland: "A Country by Any Other Name"?". Journal of British Studies. 46 (1). Cambridge University Press on behalf of The North American Conference on British Studies: 72–90. doi:10.1086/508399. ISSN 0021-9371. JSTOR 10.1086/508399.
- ^ "Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel". www.knesset.gov.il. 5 සැප්තැම්බර් 2014 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 7 ජූලි 2014.
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- ^ Bell, Abraham (28 ජනවාරි 2008). "International Law and Gaza: The Assault on Israel's Right to Self-Defense". Jerusalem Issue Brief, Vol. 7, No. 29. Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs. 21 ජූනි 2010 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 16 ජූලි 2010.
- ^ Salih, Zak M. (17 නොවැම්බර් 2005). "Panelists Disagree Over Gaza's Occupation Status". University of Virginia School of Law. 3 මාර්තු 2016 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්රවේශය 16 ජූලි 2010.
- ^ "Israel: 'Disengagement' Will Not End Gaza Occupation". Human Rights Watch. 29 ඔක්තෝබර් 2004. 1 නොවැම්බර් 2008 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 16 ජූලි 2010.
- ^ Sanger, Andrew (2011). "The Contemporary Law of Blockade and the Gaza Freedom Flotilla". In M.N. Schmitt; Louise Arimatsu; Tim McCormack (eds.). Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law - 2010. Vol. 13. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 429. doi:10.1007/978-90-6704-811-8_14. ISBN 978-90-6704-811-8.
It is this direct external control over Gaza and indirect control over life within Gaza that has led the United Nations, the UN General Assembly, the UN Fact Finding Mission to Gaza, International human rights organisations, US Government websites, the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office and a significant number of legal commentators, to reject the argument that Gaza is no longer occupied.
* Scobbie, Iain (2012). Elizabeth Wilmshurst (ed.). International Law and the Classification of Conflicts. Oxford University Press. p. 295. ISBN 978-0-19-965775-9.Even after the accession to power of Hamas, Israel's claim that it no longer occupies Gaza has not been accepted by UN bodies, most States, nor the majority of academic commentators because of its exclusive control of its border with Gaza and crossing points including the effective control it exerted over the Rafah crossing until at least May 2011, its control of Gaza's maritime zones and airspace which constitute what Aronson terms the 'security envelope' around Gaza, as well as its ability to intervene forcibly at will in Gaza.
* Gawerc, Michelle (2012). Prefiguring Peace: Israeli-Palestinian Peacebuilding Partnerships. Lexington Books. p. 44. ISBN 9780739166109.In other words, while Israel maintained that its occupation of Gaza ended with its unilateral disengagement Palestinians – as well as many human right organizations and international bodies – argued that Gaza was by all intents and purposes still occupied.
- ^ Federal Foreign Office of Germany (නොවැම්බර් 2009). "Beziehungen zu Deutschland". Government of Germany. 23 ජූලි 2010 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 16 ජූලි 2010. For more information, see Foreign relations of the Cook Islands.
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- ^ Constitution of Pakistan, Art. 1.
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- ^ Pruthi, R.K. (2001). An Encyclopaedic Survey Of Global Terrorism In 21st Century. Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd. pp. 120–121. ISBN 978-81-261-1091-9.
- ^ "Azad Kashmir Day". 12 අගෝස්තු 2014 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්රවේශය 28 ජූලි 2014.
- ^ a b "To Be Published In The Next Issue Of The" (PDF). 5 සැප්තැම්බර් 2014 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත (PDF). සම්ප්රවේශය 28 ජූලි 2014.
- ^ "AJ&K History". 6 ජනවාරි 2018 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 6 ජනවාරි 2018.
- ^ Lansford, Tom (2014-04-08). Political Handbook of the World 2014. SAGE Publications. ISBN 9781483333281. සම්ප්රවේශය 5 October 2014.
- ^ "The Azad Jammu And Kashmir Interim Constitution Act, 1974" (PDF). 13 ඔක්තෝබර් 2013 දින මුල් පිටපත (PDF) වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්රවේශය 28 ජූලි 2014.
- ^ Palestine Liberation Organization. "Road For Palestinian Statehood: Recognition and Admission". Negotiations Affairs Department. අගෝස්තු 18, 2011 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්රවේශය ජූලි 28, 2011.
- ^ See the following on statehood criteria:
- Mendes, Errol (30 මාර්තු 2010). "Statehood and Palestine for the purposes of Article 12 (3) of the ICC Statute" (PDF). pp. 28, 33. 31 අගෝස්තු 2011 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත (PDF). සම්ප්රවේශය 17 අප්රේල් 2011: "...the Palestinian State also meets the traditional criteria under the Montevideo Convention..."; "...the fact that a majority of states have recognised Palestine as a State should easily fulfil the requisite state practice".
- McKinney, Kathryn M. (1994). "The Legal Effects of the Israeli-PLO Declaration ofPrinciples: Steps Toward Statehood for Palestine". Seattle University Law Review. 18 (93). Seattle University: 97. 22 ජූලි 2011 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්රවේශය 17 අප්රේල් 2011: "It is possible, however, to argue for Palestinian statehood based on the constitutive theory".
- McDonald, Avril (Spring 2009). "Operation Cast Lead: Drawing the Battle Lines of the Legal Dispute". Human Rights Brief. 25. Washington College of Law, Center for Human Rights and Humanitarian Law. 29 මාර්තු 2012 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 17 අප්රේල් 2011: "Whether one applies the criteria of statehood set out in the Montevideo Convention or the more widely accepted constitutive theory of statehood, Palestine might be considered a state."
- ^ a b "Non-member States and Entities". United Nations. 29 February 2008. 9 May 2009 දින මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්රවේශය 30 August 2010.
- ^ United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. "Arab States: Palestine". United Nations. 4 ජනවාරි 2012 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 3 දෙසැම්බර් 2011.
- ^ "The Palestinians: Background and U.S. Relations" (PDF). 18 March 2021. pp. 40–41. 13 May 2021 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත (PDF). සම්ප්රවේශය 11 April 2021.
- ^ Keun Min. "Greetings". Jeju Special Self-Governing Province. 2 මැයි 2013 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 10 නොවැම්බර් 2010.
- ^ a b "Statement from UNISFA on the recent spate of attacks in Abyei". UNmissions.org. 18 ඔක්තෝබර් 2017. 13 පෙබරවාරි 2018 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 12 පෙබරවාරි 2018.
- ^ a b "Abyei Administration Area Changes Name". Gurtong.net. 29 ජූලි 2015. 13 පෙබරවාරි 2018 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 12 පෙබරවාරි 2018.
- ^ "Bilateral relations of the Holy See". Holy See website. 9 ජූලි 2014 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 5 ජූනි 2012.
- ^ a b Абхазия, Южная Осетия и Приднестровье признали независимость друг друга и призвали всех к этому же (රුසියානු බසින්). newsru.com. 17 November 2006. 16 April 2009 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 5 June 2011.
- ^ "United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo". UN. 25 දෙසැම්බර් 2014 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 8 ජනවාරි 2015.
- ^ ""Sijera Leone je 18. država koja je povukla priznanje tzv. Kosova"". 30 January 2021 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 27 July 2020.
- ^ "Cyprus", The World Factbook (Central Intelligence Agency), 7 June 2023, https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/cyprus/, ප්රතිෂ්ඨාපනය 11 June 2023
- ^ Question of Western Sahara A/RES/34/37 (1979)
- ^ Question of Western Sahara A/RES/35/19 (1980)
- ^ a b Ker-Lindsay, James (2012). The Foreign Policy of Counter Secession: Preventing the Recognition of Contested States. Oxford University Press. p. 53. ISBN 9780199698394. 9 ඔක්තෝබර් 2013 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 24 සැප්තැම්බර් 2013.
In addition to the four cases of contested statehood described above, there are three other territories that have unilaterally declared independence and are generally regarded as having met the Montevideo criteria for statehood but have not been recognised by any states: Transnistria, Nagorny Karabakh, and Somaliland.
- ^ Kreuter, Aaron (2010). "Self-Determination, Sovereignty, and the Failure of States: Somaliland and the Case for Justified Secession" (PDF). Minnesota Journal of International Law. 19 (2). University of Minnesota Law School: 380–381. 27 සැප්තැම්බර් 2013 දින මුල් පිටපත (PDF) වෙතින් සංරක්ෂණය කරන ලදී. සම්ප්රවේශය 24 සැප්තැම්බර් 2013.
Considering each of these factors, Somaliland has a colorable argument that it meets the theoretical requirements of statehood. ... On these bases, Somaliland appears to have a strong claim to statehood.
- ^ Arieff, Alexis. "de facto Statehood? The Strange Case of Somaliland" (PDF). Yale Journal of International Affairs (Spring/Summer 2008). International Affairs Council at Yale: 1–79. 13 දෙසැම්බර් 2011 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත (PDF). සම්ප්රවේශය 17 අප්රේල් 2011.
- ^ "Somaliland profile". BBC News. 14 දෙසැම්බර් 2017. 23 අප්රේල් 2017 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 27 ජනවාරි 2018.
- ^ Jansen, Dinah (2009). "The Conflict between Self-Determination and Territorial Integrity: the South Ossetian Paradigm". Geopolitics Vs. Global Governance: Reinterpreting International Security. Centre for Foreign Policy Studies, University of Dalhousie: 222–242. ISBN 978-1-896440-61-3. 19 අගෝස්තු 2018 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 14 දෙසැම්බර් 2017.
- ^ "Russia condemned for recognising rebel regions". CNN.com. Cable News Network. 26 අගෝස්තු 2008. 29 අගෝස්තු 2008 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 26 අගෝස්තු 2008.
- ^ "Ma refers to China as ROC territory in magazine interview". Taipei Times. 8 ඔක්තෝබර් 2008. 3 ජූනි 2009 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 13 ඔක්තෝබර් 2008.
- ^ 中華民國國情介紹. 2.16.886.101.20003. 22 March 2017. 2 July 2018 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 20 April 2022.
- ^ van der Wees, Gerrit. "Is Taiwan's International Space Expanding or Contracting?". thediplomat.com. The Diplomat. 9 July 2023 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 16 December 2021.
- ^ "Transnistria profile – Overview". BBC News. 20 November 2022. 5 April 2023 දින පැවති මුල් පිටපත වෙතින් සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත. සම්ප්රවේශය 11 June 2023.
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