ඉන්දු-ග්‍රීක රාජධානිය

ඉන්දු-ග්‍රීක රාජධානිය
ඉන්දු-ග්‍රීක රාජධානිය
ක්‍රි.පූ. 180–ක්‍රි.ව. 10
	ක්‍රි.පූ. 100 දී පමණ ඉන්දු-ග්‍රීක භූමිය
අගනුවර	කොකේසස් හි ඇලෙක්සැන්ඩ්‍රියාව (කපිසි/බග්‍රාම්); තක්ෂිලා (සිර්කප්) ; චිනියොටිස් (චිනියොට්) ; සාගල (සියල්කොට්); පියුකෙලාඕටිස් (චාර්සද්දා, පුෂ්කාලවතී)
පොදු භාෂා(ව)	ග්‍රීක (ග්‍රීක අක්ෂර); පාලි (ඛරෝෂ්ඨී අක්ෂර); සංස්කෘත; ප්‍රාකෘත; (බ්‍රාහ්මී අක්ෂර)
ආගම	ග්‍රීක බහුදේවාගම; බුද්ධාගම; හින්දු ආගම; ශරතුස්ත්‍ර ආගම
රජය	රාජාණ්ඩුව
රජ
• ක්‍රි.පූ. 180–160	ඇපලෝඩෝටස් I
• ක්‍රි.පූ. 25 – ක්‍රි.ව. 10	ස්ට්‍රේටෝ II සහ ස්ට්‍රේටෝ III
Historical era	පුරාතන
• Established	ක්‍රි.පූ. 180
• අහෝසි කළේ	ක්‍රි.ව. 10
වර්ග ප්‍රමාණය
ක්‍රි.පූ. 150	1,100,000 km2 (420,000 sq mi)
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	ග්‍රීක-බැක්ට්‍රියානු රාජධානිය
	මෞර්ය අධිරාජ්‍යය
ඉන්දු-සිතියානුවෝ
වර්තමානයේ මෙය අයත් වන්නේ	ඇෆ්ඝනිස්තානය; ඉන්දියාව; පාකිස්තානය; තුර්ක්මෙනිස්තානය

ඉන්දු-ග්‍රීක රාජධානිය හෙවත් ග්‍රීක-ඉන්දියානු රාජධානිය,^[2] නැතහොත් ඓතිහාසිකව යවනරාජ්‍යය^[3] (යවනයන්ගේ රාජධානිය),^[2] යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ වර්තමාන ඇෆ්ඝනිස්තානය සහ ඉන්දියානු උපමහාද්වීපයෙහි පන්ජාබ් අවට (උතුරුදිග පාකිස්තානය සය වයඹදිග ඉන්දියාව) ප්‍රදේශයේ පැතිර තිබූ ඓතිහාසික හෙලනිස්තික රාජධානියකි.^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9] ක්‍රිස්තු පූර්වයෙහි අවසන් ශතවර්ෂ ද්විත්වය තුළ පැවති මෙම රාජධානිය රජවරුන් තිහකට අධික සංඛ්‍යාවක විසින් පාලනය කොට තිබේ.

ආශ්‍රේයයන්

පාදක සටහන්

^ Taagepera, Rein (1979). "Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D.". Social Science History. 3 (3/4): 132. doi:10.2307/1170959. JSTOR 1170959.
^ ^a ^b Wilson, John (1877). Indian Caste (ඉංග්‍රීසි බසින්). Times of India Office. p. 353.
^ Rhie Quintanilla, S. (2007-01-01), "Appendix I. Inscription Transcriptions, Translations, And Notes", History of Early Stone Sculpture at Mathura, ca. 150 BCE - 100 CE, BRILL, pp. 254–267,
doi:10.1163/ej.9789004155374.i-490.52
,
ISBN 978-90-04-15537-4
^ Jackson J. Spielvogel (14 September 2016). Western Civilization: Volume A: To 1500. Cengage Learning. p. 96. ISBN 978-1-305-95281-2. The invasion of India by a Greco-Bactrian army in ... led to the creation of an Indo-Greek kingdom in northwestern India (present-day India and Pakistan).
^ Erik Zürcher (1962). Buddhism: its origin and spread in words, maps, and pictures. St Martin's Press. p. 45. Three phases must be distinguished, (a) The Greek rulers of Bactria (the Oxus region) expand their power to the south, conquer Afghanistan and considerable parts of north-western India, and establish an Indo-Greek kingdom in the Panjab where they rule as 'kings of India'; i
^ Heidi Roupp (4 March 2015). Teaching World History: A Resource Book. Routledge. p. 171. ISBN 978-1-317-45893-7. There were later Indo-Greek kingdoms in northwest India. ...
^ Hermann Kulke; Dietmar Rothermund (2004). A History of India. Psychology Press. p. 74. ISBN 978-0-415-32919-4. They are referred to as 'Indo-Greeks' and there were about forty such kings and rulers who controlled large areas of northwestern India and Afghanistan. Their history ...
^ Los Angeles County Museum of Art; Pratapaditya Pal (1986). Indian Sculpture: Circa 500 B.C.-A.D. 700. University of California Press. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-520-05991-7. Since parts of their territories comprised northwestern India, these later rulers of Greek origin are generally referred to as Indo-Greeks.
^ Joan Aruz; Elisabetta Valtz Fino (2012). Afghanistan: Forging Civilizations Along the Silk Road. Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-58839-452-1. The existence of Greek kingdoms in Central Asia and northwestern India after Alexander's conquests had been known for a long time from a few fragmentary texts from Greek and Latin classical sources and from allusions in contemporary Chinese chronicles and later Indian texts.

උද්ධෘත කෘති

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Bopearachchi, Osmund (1998). SNG 9. New York: American Numismatic Society. ISBN 978-0-89722-273-0.
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බාහිර සබැඳි

[Taagepera132-1] Taagepera, Rein (1979). "Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D.". Social Science History. 3 (3/4): 132. doi:10.2307/1170959. JSTOR 1170959.

[:0-2] Wilson, John (1877). Indian Caste (ඉංග්‍රීසි බසින්). Times of India Office. p. 353.

[3] Rhie Quintanilla, S. (2007-01-01), "Appendix I. Inscription Transcriptions, Translations, And Notes", History of Early Stone Sculpture at Mathura, ca. 150 BCE - 100 CE, BRILL, pp. 254–267,
doi:10.1163/ej.9789004155374.i-490.52
,
ISBN 978-90-04-15537-4

[Spielvogel2016-4] Jackson J. Spielvogel (14 September 2016). Western Civilization: Volume A: To 1500. Cengage Learning. p. 96. ISBN 978-1-305-95281-2. The invasion of India by a Greco-Bactrian army in ... led to the creation of an Indo-Greek kingdom in northwestern India (present-day India and Pakistan).

[Zürcher1962-5] Erik Zürcher (1962). Buddhism: its origin and spread in words, maps, and pictures. St Martin's Press. p. 45. Three phases must be distinguished, (a) The Greek rulers of Bactria (the Oxus region) expand their power to the south, conquer Afghanistan and considerable parts of north-western India, and establish an Indo-Greek kingdom in the Panjab where they rule as 'kings of India'; i

[Roupp2015-6] Heidi Roupp (4 March 2015). Teaching World History: A Resource Book. Routledge. p. 171. ISBN 978-1-317-45893-7. There were later Indo-Greek kingdoms in northwest India. ...

[KulkeRothermund2004-7] Hermann Kulke; Dietmar Rothermund (2004). A History of India. Psychology Press. p. 74. ISBN 978-0-415-32919-4. They are referred to as 'Indo-Greeks' and there were about forty such kings and rulers who controlled large areas of northwestern India and Afghanistan. Their history ...

[ArtPal1986-8] Los Angeles County Museum of Art; Pratapaditya Pal (1986). Indian Sculpture: Circa 500 B.C.-A.D. 700. University of California Press. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-520-05991-7. Since parts of their territories comprised northwestern India, these later rulers of Greek origin are generally referred to as Indo-Greeks.

[AruzFino2012-9] Joan Aruz; Elisabetta Valtz Fino (2012). Afghanistan: Forging Civilizations Along the Silk Road. Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-58839-452-1. The existence of Greek kingdoms in Central Asia and northwestern India after Alexander's conquests had been known for a long time from a few fragmentary texts from Greek and Latin classical sources and from allusions in contemporary Chinese chronicles and later Indian texts.

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[1]