"දත් දිරායාම" හි සංශෝධන අතර වෙනස්කම්
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සුළු r2.7.3) (රොබෝ එකතු කරමින්: be-x-old:Карыес зубоў |
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58 පේළිය:
Worldwide, most children and an estimated ninety percent of adults have experienced caries, with the disease most prevalent in Asian and Latin American countries and least prevalent in African countries.<ref>[http://www.who.int/oral_health/media/en/orh_report03_en.pdf The World Oral Health Report 2003: Continuous improvement of oral health in the 21st century – the approach of the WHO Global Oral Health Programme], released by the [[World Health Organization]]. (File in pdf format.) Page accessed August 15, 2006.</ref> In the United States, dental caries is the most common [[chronic (medicine)|chronic]] childhood disease, being at least five times more common than [[asthma]].<ref>[http://www.healthypeople.gov/Document/HTML/Volume2/21Oral.htm Healthy People: 2010]. Html version hosted on [http://www.healthypeople.gov Healthy People.gov] website. Page accessed August 13, 2006.</ref> It is the primary pathological cause of tooth loss in children.<ref>[http://www.adha.org/faqs/index.html Frequently Asked Questions], hosted on the American Dental Hygiene Association website. Page accessed August 15, 2006.</ref> Between 29% and 59% of adults over the age of fifty experience caries.<ref name="DCPP">"[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=dcp2.section.5380 Dental caries]", from the Disease Control Priorities Project. Page accessed August 15, 2006.</ref>
The number of cases has decreased in some developed countries, and this decline is usually attributed to increasingly better [[oral hygiene]] practices and preventive measures such as [[Fluoride therapy|fluoride treatment]].<ref name="whostatement2">[http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/oralhealth/en/index1.html World Health Organization] website, "World Water Day 2001: Oral health", p. 2. Page accessed August 14, 2006.</ref> Nonetheless, countries that have experienced an overall decrease in cases of tooth decay continue to have a disparity in the distribution of the disease.<ref name="DCPP"/> Among children in the United States and Europe, twenty percent of the population endures sixty to eighty percent of cases of dental caries.<ref name="Tougersugars">{{cite journal |author=Touger-Decker R, van Loveren C |title=Sugars and dental caries |journal=Am J Clin Nutr. |volume=78 |issue=4 |pages=881S–92S |year=2003 |month=October |pmid=14522753 |url=http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=14522753 |day=01}}</ref> A similarly skewed distribution of the disease is found throughout the world with some children having none or very few caries and others having a high number.<ref name="DCPP"/> [[
The classic "DMF" (decay/missing/filled) index is one of the most common methods for assessing caries prevalence as well as dental treatment needs among populations. This index is based on in-field clinical examination of individuals by using a probe, mirror and cotton rolls. Because the DMF index is done without [[X-ray]] imaging, it underestimates real caries prevalence and treatment needs.<ref name=HC/>
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