"කාබන් ඩයොක්සයිඩ්" හි සංශෝධන අතර වෙනස්කම්
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62 පේළිය:
කාබන් ඩයොක්සයිඩ් ආම්ලික ඔක්සයිඩයකි. එය නිල් ලිට්මස් රතු පැහැ ගන්වයි.
==රසායනික හා භෞතික ගුණාංග==
[[File:Carbon dioxide pressure-temperature phase diagram.svg|left|thumb|220px|Carbon dioxide pressure-temperature phase diagram showing the [[triple point]] and [[Critical point (thermodynamics)|critical point]] of carbon dioxide]]
[[File:Dry Ice Pellets Subliming.jpg|thumb|left|220px|Small pellets of dry ice subliming in air.]]
▲{{details|Carbon dioxide (data page)}}Carbon dioxide is colorless. At low concentrations, the gas is odorless. At higher concentrations it has a sharp, acidic odor. It will act as an asphyxiant and an irritant. When inhaled at concentrations much higher than usual atmospheric levels, it can produce a sour taste in the mouth and a stinging sensation in the nose and throat. These effects result from the gas dissolving in the [[mucous membranes]] and [[saliva]], forming a weak solution of [[carbonic acid]]. This sensation can also occur during an attempt to stifle a burp after drinking a [[Carbonation|carbonated beverage]]. Amounts above 5,000 ppm are considered very unhealthy, and those above about 50,000 ppm (equal to 5% by volume) are considered dangerous to animal life.<ref>{{cite web|author=Staff|date= 16 August 2006|url = http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/124389.html|title = Carbon dioxide: IDLH Documentation|publisher = National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health|accessdate = 2007-07-05}}</ref>
At [[Standard conditions for temperature and pressure|standard temperature and pressure]], the density of carbon dioxide is around 1.98 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, about 1.5 times that of [[Earth's atmosphere|air]]. The carbon dioxide molecule (O=C=O) contains two [[covalent bond|double bonds]] and has a linear shape. It has no electrical [[dipole]], and as it is fully [[Redox|oxidized]], it is moderately [[Chemical reaction|reactive]] and is non-flammable, but will support the combustion of metals such as [[magnesium]].
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An alternative form of solid carbon dioxide, an [[amorphous]] glass-like form, is possible, although not at atmospheric pressure.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Santoro|first=M.|year=2006|title=Amorphous silica-like carbon dioxide|journal=Nature|volume=441|pages=857–860|doi=10.1038/nature04879|pmid=16778885|last2=Gorelli|first2=FA|last3=Bini|first3=R|last4=Ruocco|first4=G|last5=Scandolo|first5=S|last6=Crichton|first6=WA|issue=7095}}</ref> This form of glass, called [[amorphous carbonia|''carbonia'']], was produced by [[supercooling]] heated CO<sub>2</sub> at extreme pressure (40–48 [[GPa]] or about 400,000 atmospheres) in a [[diamond anvil]]. This discovery confirmed the theory that carbon dioxide could exist in a glass state similar to other members of its elemental family, like [[silicon]] ([[silica|silica glass]]) and [[germanium]]. Unlike silica and germania glasses, however, carbonia glass is not stable at normal pressures and reverts back to gas when pressure is released.
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[[en:Carbon dioxide]]
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