"මහින්ද තෙරණුවෝ" හි සංශෝධන අතර වෙනස්කම්
Content deleted Content added
සුළු මිහිඳු තෙරනුවන් යන්න මහින්ද තෙරණුවන් වෙත ගෙන යන ලදි |
No edit summary |
||
1 පේළිය:
{{TheravadaBuddhism}}
'''Mahinda''' ({{lang-sa|महिन्द्र}}; '''Mahindra''') (born 3rd century BCE in [[Magadha]], now in [[Bihar]], [[India]]) was a [[Bhikkhu|Buddhist monk]] depicted in Buddhist sources as bringing [[Buddhism]] to [[Sri Lanka]]. He was the son of the [[Mauryan empire|Mauryan Emperor]] [[Ashoka]].
== Historical Sources ==
The [[Dipavamsa]] and the [[Mahavamsa]], Sri Lanka's two great religious chronicles, contain accounts of Mahinda travelling to Sri Lanka and converting King [[Devanampiyatissa]].<ref name="Macmillan1">{{citation
| last = Holt
| first = John Clifford
| contribution = Sri Lanka
| year = 2004
| title = Macmillan Encyclopedia of Buddhism
| editor-last = Buswell, Jr.
| editor-first = Robert E.
| pages = 795-99
| place= USA
| publisher = Macmillan Reference USA
| isbn = 0028659104}}</ref> These are the primary sources for accounts of his life and deeds. Inscriptions and literary references also establish that Buddhism became prevalent in Sri Lanka around the 3rd century BCE, the period when Mahinda lived.<ref name="Macmillan1"/>
== Biography ==
Mahinda grew up at [[Parwar|Vidisha]], the residence of his mother and became a monk at the age of 20 with [[Moggaliputta-Tissa]], his father's spiritual teacher, guiding him and was well-versed with the [[Tripitaka]]. Mahinda together with fellow monks [[Itthiya]], [[Uttiya]], [[Sambala (monk)|Sambala]] and [[Bhaddasala]] (who was the son of [[Sanghamitta]]) were sent to [[Sri Lanka]] to spread [[Buddhism]], following the [[Third Buddhist Council]], upon the recommendation of Moggaliputta-Tissa. He was also accompanied by a lay disciple [[Bhankuka]], who was a maternal grandson of his aunt. The party left from Vedasagiri [[vihara]], believed to be modern day [[Sanchi]].
Mahavamsa and Dipavamsa, the chronicles of Sri Lanka, record the arrival of the party on the full moon of [[Jettha]], a national festival at the time. At the time, King [[Devanampiyatissa]] was partaking in a hunting expedition in the [[Mihintale]] hills. It is said that Asoka and Devanampiyatissa were previously acquainted and on good terms, having exchanged royal gifts upon their respective ascensions to the throne. Upon meeting the shaven-headed monks Devanampiyatissa was taken aback by their appearance and inquired as to who they were. After exchanging greetings, Mahinda preached the [[Chulahatthipadopama Sutra]], and the royal hunting party converted to Buddhism. The party was subsequently invited to [[Anuradhapura]], the seat of the throne for a royal reception and to give further [[dharma]] talks. Mahinda subsequently gave two public talks sanctioned by [[Devanampiyatissa]], in the Royal Hall and in the Nandana garden in the Royal Park, leading to the start of the public embrace of Buddhism in Sri Lanka. The royal park [[Mahamegha]] was then set aside as the residence for Mahinda's party, and in later times became the [[Mahavihara]], the earliest centre of Buddhist culture and scholarship Sri Lanka. The [[Chetiyagirivihara]] monastery was then established in [[Mihintale]].
Mahinda then sent for his sister [[Sanghamitta]] from Magadha, who was a [[Bhikkuni|nun]], to start a female Buddhist order after local women had expressed a desire to join the [[Sangha]]. Mahinda also arrainged for a [[bodhi]] sapling from the original tree in [[Bodh Gaya]] to be sent to Sri Lanka, where it was planted in the grounds of the Mahavihara and is still visible today.
After a month spent delivering discourses to Sri Lankans who had ventured to the capital, Mahinda retreated to [[Mihintale]] to spend the [[vassa]] during the monsoon season. As a result, a second royal funded monastery was built there. Later, Mahinda organised for a stupa to be constructed, and a part of the bodily relics of [[Gautama Buddha]] were transferred from the Maurya Empire to Sri Lanka. Mahinda then had [[Arittha]], Devanampiyatissa's nephew, a [[bhikkhu]], to expound the [[Vinaya]] monastic code of discipline to further Buddhism in Sri Lanka.
Mahinda outlived Devanampiyatissa, and died at the age of 80 in [[Sri Lanka]]. King [[Uttiya]], who succeeded his brother, organized a state funeral for Mahinda and constructed a [[stupa]] to house his relics at [[Mihintale]].
== Significance and Legacy ==
The 20th century Sri Lankan monk [[Walpola Rahula]] described Mahinda as ''"the father of [[Sinhalese language|Sinhalese]] literature"'' as he had translated and written commentary for the Tripitaka in Sinhalese, turning it into a literary language. He was also credited with introducing the culture of the [[Mauryan empire]] to the island, along with its architecture.
[[Mihintale]], the mountain where Mahinda supposedly first encountered King Devanampiyatissa and the site of his funerary [[stupa]], is an important pilgrimage site in Sri Lanka.<ref name="Macmillan2">{{citation
| last = Walters
| first = Jonathan S.
| contribution = Festivals and Calendrical Rituals
| year = 2004
| title = Macmillan Encyclopedia of Buddhism
| editor-last = Buswell, Jr.
| editor-first = Robert E.
| pages = 284-88
| place= USA
| publisher = Macmillan Reference USA
| isbn = 0028659104}}</ref> Pilgrimages are traditionally undertaken in the month of June (Poson in the old Sinhala calendar), when Mahinda is believed to have arrived in Sri Lanka on the full-moon night of the month, a [[uposatha|traditional time]] for religious observances in Theravada Buddhism.<ref name="Macmillan2"/>
==See also==
*[[Sri Lankan Buddhism]]
==References==
<references/>
*{{cite book| last= Ahir | first = Diwan Chand | year = 1989 | title = Heritage of Buddhism}}
== External links ==
* [http://www.palikanon.com/english/pali_names/ma/mahinda.htm Mahinda Thera]
* [http://www.lankalibrary.com/geo/ancient/bud.htm The arrival of Buddhism in Sri Lanka]
* [http://www.lakehouse.lk/mihintalava/index.htm The Birthplace Buddhism in Sri Lanka]
* [http://www.metta.lk/temples/historical-temples/Historical-details.htm Historical Buddhist details of Sri Lanka]
* [http://www.buddhismonline.info/index.htm Buddhism, The Buddha and what are His Teachings? ]
[[Category:Mauryan dynasty]]
[[Category:Indian Buddhist monks]]
[[Category:Sri Lankan Buddhist monks]]
[[Category:Sanskrit words and phrases]]
[[en:Mahinda]]
[[cs:Mahinda]]
[[de:Mahinda]]
[[it:Mahinda]]
[[nl:Mahinda]]
[[sv:Mahinda]]
[[vi:Ma-hi-đà]]
| |||