"කොලෙස්ටරෝල්" හි සංශෝධන අතර වෙනස්කම්
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67 පේළිය:
A large part of this signaling pathway was clarified by Dr. [[Michael S. Brown]] and Dr. [[Joseph L. Goldstein]] in the 1970s. In 1985, they received the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] for their work. Their subsequent work shows how the SREBP pathway regulates expression of many genes that control lipid formation and metabolism and body fuel allocation.
Cholesterol is oxidized by the liver into a variety of [[bile acids]]. These in turn are [[phase 2 reaction|conjugated]] with [[glycine]], [[taurine]], [[glucuronic acid]], or [[sulfate]]. A mixture of conjugated and non-conjugated bile acids along with cholesterol itself is excreted from the [[liver]] into the [[bile]]. Approximately 95% of the bile acids are reabsorbed from the intestines and the remainder lost in the feces.<ref name="pmid12529265">{{cite journal | author = Wolkoff AW, Cohen DE | title = Bile acid regulation of hepatic physiology: I. Hepatocyte transport of bile acids | journal = Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. | volume = 284 | issue = 2 | pages = G175–9 | year = 2003 | month = February | pmid = 12529265 | doi = 10.1152/ajpgi.00409.2002 | url = | issn = }}</ref> The excretion and reabsorption of bile acids forms the basis of the [[enterohepatic circulation]] which is essential for the digestion and absorption of dietary fats. Under certain circumstances, when more concentrated, as in the [[gallbladder]], cholesterol crystallises and is the major constituent of most [[gallstone]]s, although [[lecithin]] and [[bilirubin]] gallstones also occur less frequently.▼
▲== Cholesterol is oxidized by the liver into a variety of [[bile acids]]. These in turn are [[phase 2 reaction|conjugated]] with [[glycine]], [[taurine]], [[glucuronic acid]], or [[sulfate]]. A mixture of conjugated and non-conjugated bile acids along with cholesterol itself is excreted from the [[liver]] into the [[bile]]. Approximately 95% of the bile acids are reabsorbed from the intestines and the remainder lost in the feces.<ref name="pmid12529265">{{cite journal | author = Wolkoff AW, Cohen DE | title = Bile acid regulation of hepatic physiology: I. Hepatocyte transport of bile acids | journal = Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. | volume = 284 | issue = 2 | pages = G175–9 | year = 2003 | month = February | pmid = 12529265 | doi = 10.1152/ajpgi.00409.2002 | url = | issn = }}</ref> The excretion and reabsorption of bile acids forms the basis of the [[enterohepatic circulation]] which is essential for the digestion and absorption of dietary fats. Under certain circumstances, when more concentrated, as in the [[gallbladder]], cholesterol crystallises and is the major constituent of most [[gallstone]]s, although [[lecithin]] and [[bilirubin]] gallstones also occur less frequently. ==
== ආහාර ප්රභවය ==▼
▲== ආහාර [[ප්රභවය]] ==
[[Animal fat]]s are complex mixtures of [[triglyceride]]s, with lesser amounts of [[phospholipid]]s and cholesterol. Consequently all foods containing animal fat contain cholesterol to varying extents.<ref name=Christie>{{cite book |last = Christie | first = W. W. | coauthors = | title = Lipid analysis | issue=3 | publisher = PJ Barnes and associates | year = 2003 | pages=416 | isbn=0-9531949-5-7}}</ref> Cholesterol is not present in plant based food sources unless it has been added during the food's preparation.<ref name=USDA>{{cite web | last = | first = | title = USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 21 | publisher = United States Department of Agriculture | url = http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp/Data/SR21/nutrlist/sr21w601.pdf | format=PDF | accessdate = 2008-10-24}}</ref> However plant products such as [[flax seed]]s and [[peanut]]s contain healthy cholesterol-like compounds called [[phytosterols]], which are suggested to help lower [[serum]] cholesterol levels.<ref name=ostlund2003>{{cite journal | author=Ostlund RE, Racette, SB, and Stenson WF | title=Inhibition of cholesterol absorption by phytosterol-replete wheat germ compared with phytosterol-depleted wheat germ | journal=Am J Clin Nutr | year=2003 | pages=1385–1589 | volume=77 | issue=6 |pmid=12791614}}</ref> Major dietary sources of cholesterol include [[cheese]], [[egg yolk]]s, [[beef]], [[pork]], [[poultry]], and [[shrimp]].<ref name=USDA/> Human [[breast milk]] also contains significant quantities of cholesterol.<ref name=ajcn-breastmilk>{{cite journal | author=Jensen RG, Hagerty MM, McMahon KE | title=Lipids of human milk and infant formulas: a review | journal=Am J Clin Nutr | year=1978 | pages=990–1016 | volume=31 | pmid=352132 | url=http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/reprint/31/6/990 | format=PDF | issue=6 | month=Jun | day=01}}</ref>
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