වසංගත ලැයිස්තුව
විකිමීඩියා ලැයිස්තු ලිපිය
බෝවන රෝග හේතුවෙන් ඇති වූ වසංගත ලැයිස්තුව පහත දැක්වේ.
ප්‍රධාන වසංගත
සංස්කරණයතද පැහැති අකුරෙන් දක්වා ඇත්තේ තවමත් අවසන්ව නැති සිදුවීම් වේ.
| Rank | Epidemics/pandemics | Disease | Death toll | Global population lost | Regional population lost | Date | Location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Black Death | Bubonic plague | 75–200 million | [Note 1] | 30–60% of European population[1] | 1346–1353 | Europe, Asia, and North Africa |
| 2 | Spanish flu | Influenza A/H1N1 | 17–100 million | 1–5.4%[2][3] | – | 1918–1920 | Worldwide |
| 3 | Plague of Justinian | Bubonic plague | 15–100 million | [Note 1] | 25–60% of European population[4] | 541–549 | Europe and West Asia |
| 4 | HIV/AIDS pandemic | HIV/AIDS | 35 million+ (as of 2018) | [Note 2] | – | 1981–present | Worldwide |
| 5 | Third plague pandemic | Plague | 12–15 million | [Note 2] | – | 1855–1960 | Worldwide |
| 6 | Cocoliztli Epidemic of 1545–1548 | Cocoliztli | 5–15 million | [Note 1] | 27–80% of Mexican population[5] | 1545–1548 | Mexico |
| 7 | Antonine Plague | Smallpox or measles | 5–10 million | 3–6%[6] | 25–33% of Roman population[7] | 165–180 (possibly up to 190) | Roman Empire |
| 8 | 1520 Mexico smallpox epidemic | Smallpox | 5–8 million | [Note 1] | 23–37% of Mexican population[5] | 1519–1520 | Mexico |
| 9 | COVID-19 pandemic | COVID-19 | 3.5 million+ (reported)[8]–
7.6 million+ (estimated)[Note 3] (as of 28 May 2021) |
0.04%–
0.1% (estimated)[10] |
– | 2019[Note 4]–present | Worldwide |
| 10 | 1918–1922 Russia typhus epidemic | Typhus | 2–3 million | 0.1–0.16%[12][Note 5] | 1–1.6% of Russian population[13] | 1918–1922 | Russia |
| 11 | 1957–1958 influenza pandemic | Influenza A/H2N2 | 1–4 million | 0.03–0.1%[10] | – | 1957–1958 | Worldwide |
| Hong Kong flu | Influenza A/H3N2 | 1–4 million | 0.03–0.1%[10] | – | 1968–1969 | Worldwide | |
| 13 | Cocoliztli epidemic of 1576 | Cocoliztli | 2–2.5 million | 0.4–0.5%[6] | 50% of Mexican population[5] | 1576–1580 | Mexico |
| 14 | 735–737 Japanese smallpox epidemic | Smallpox | 2 million | 1%[6] | 33% of Japanese population[14] | 735–737 | Japan |
| 1772–1773 Persian Plague | Bubonic plague | 2 million | 0.2–0.3%[6] | [Note 6] | 1772–1773 | Persia | |
| 16 | Naples Plague | Plague | 1.25 million | 0.2%[6] | [Note 6] | 1656–1658 | Southern Italy |
| 17 | Third cholera pandemic | Cholera | 1 million+ | 0.08%[6] | – | 1846–1860 | Worldwide |
| 18 | 1629–1631 Italian plague | Bubonic plague | 1 million | 0.2%[6] | [Note 6] | 1629–1631 | Italy |
| 1889–1890 flu pandemic | Influenza | 1 million | 0.07%[6] | – | 1889–1890 | Worldwide |
ආශ්‍රිත ලිපි
සංස්කරණය
සටහන්
සංස්කරණය- ^ a b c d The estimates of global population at the time vary non-trivially (no consensus)
- ^ a b Global population changed significantly (not due to the epidemic) during the period of this epidemic.
- ^ The governmental report of COVID-19 deaths is likely an undercount and is treated as the lower bound. On 21 May 2021, the World Health Organization estimated that "this number would truly be two to three times higher."[9]
- ^ The COVID-19 pandemic started as a regional outbreak/epidemic of COVID-19 in China in late 2019. The World Health Organization declared it as a "pandemic" on 11 March 2020.[11] The starting time of this epidemic is thus 2019, regardless of the time when it was formally recognized as a pandemic.
- ^ Epidemic typhus was not limited to Russia and several million citizens died in Poland and Romania. However, due to lack of exact data, only the Russian epidemic is included.
- ^ a b c No accurate data about the local population at the time of this epidemic.
මූලාශ්‍ර
සංස්කරණය- ^ Wade, Lizzie (2020-05-14). "From Black Death to fatal flu, past pandemics show why people on the margins suffer most". Science (ඉංග්‍රීසි බසින්). සම්ප්‍රවේශය 2021-02-06.
- ^ "The Spanish flu (1918-20): The global impact of the largest influenza pandemic in history". Our World in Data. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 2021-02-06.
- ^ "Compare: 1918 Spanish Influenza Pandemic Versus COVID-19". BioSpace (ඇමෙරිකානු ඉංග්‍රීසි බසින්). සම්ප්‍රවේශය 2021-02-25.
- ^ Mordechai, Lee; Eisenberg, Merle; Newfield, Timothy P.; Izdebski, Adam; Kay, Janet E.; Poinar, Hendrik (2019-12-17). "The Justinianic Plague: An inconsequential pandemic?". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (ඉංග්‍රීසි බසින්). 116 (51): 25546–25554. Bibcode:2019PNAS..11625546M. doi:10.1073/pnas.1903797116. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 6926030. PMID 31792176.
- ^ a b c Acuna-Soto, R.; Stahle, D. W.; Cleaveland, M. K.; Therrell, M. D. (April 8, 2002). "Megadrought and Megadeath in 16th Century Mexico". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 8 (4): 360–362. doi:10.3201/eid0804.010175. PMC 2730237. PMID 11971767.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "World Population History". World Population (ඇමෙරිකානු ඉංග්‍රීසි බසින්). සම්ප්‍රවේශය 2021-03-01.
- ^ "Antonine Plague". World History Encyclopedia. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 2021-02-06.
- ^ "ArcGIS Dashboards- COVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University". Johns Hopkins University. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 19 July 2022.
- ^ "Total death toll from COVID-19 could be at least 6-8 million: WHO". Reuters. 2021-05-21.
- ^ a b c "World Population by Year". Worldometer (ඉංග්‍රීසි බසින්). සම්ප්‍රවේශය 2021-02-20.
- ^ "WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020". World Health Organization (ඉංග්‍රීසි බසින්).
- ^ "Compare: 1918 Spanish Influenza Pandemic Versus COVID-19". BioSpace (ඇමෙරිකානු ඉංග්‍රීසි බසින්). සම්ප්‍රවේශය 2021-02-25.
- ^ "Population of Russia". www.tacitus.nu. සම්ප්‍රවේශය 2021-03-01.
- ^ Suzuki, A. (2011). "Smallpox and the epidemiological heritage of modern Japan: Towards a total history". Medical History. 55 (3): 313–318. doi:10.1017/S0025727300005329. PMC 3143877. PMID 21792253.