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'''බ්ලැක් කැප්ස්''' යන අපනාමය බැඳි '''නවසීලන්ත ජාතික ක්රිකට් කණ්ඩායම''' යනු, [[නවසීලන්තය]] නියෝජනය කරන, ජාතික [[ක්රිකට්]] කණ්ඩායම වෙයි.
The current [[Test cricket|Test]], [[Limited overs cricket|One-day]] and [[Twenty20]] captain is [[Kane Williamson]], who replaced [[Brendon McCullum]] who announced his retirement in late December, 2015. The national team is organised by [[New Zealand Cricket]].
The New Zealand cricket team became known as the Black Caps in January 1998, after its sponsor at the time, [[Clear Communication]], held a competition to choose a name for the team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson |first=Ian |title=It's Clear Black Caps very dull |date=29 January 1998 |work=[[Waikato Times]] |page=12}}</ref> Official New Zealand Cricket sources typeset the nickname as BLACKCAPS. This is [[New Zealand national team nomenclature based on the "All Blacks"|one of many]] national team nicknames related to the [[All Blacks]].
As of February 2017, New Zealand have played 419 Test matches, winning 89, losing 169 and drawing 161.<ref name="stats.espncricinfo.com">{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/records/283877.html |title=Records | Test matches | Team records | Result summary |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |date=1 January 1970 |accessdate=8 January 2015}}</ref>
As of February 2017, the New Zealand cricket team is ranked 5th in [[Test cricket|Tests]], 3rd in [[One Day International|ODIs]] and 1st in [[Twenty20 International|T20Is]] by the [[International Cricket Council|ICC]]. New Zealand reached the final match in the ICC Cricket World Cup for the first time in its history, after beating South Africa in the semi-final in 2015.<ref>http://www.smh.com.au/sport/cricket/cricket-world-cup-drama-aplenty-as-new-zealand-enters-first-final-20150324-1m6veq.html</ref>
==ඉතිහාසය==
The reverend [[Henry Williams (missionary)|Henry Williams]] provided history with the first report of a game of cricket in New Zealand, when he wrote in his diary in December 1832 about boys in and around [[Paihia]] on [[Horotutu Beach]] playing cricket. In 1835, [[Charles Darwin]] and the {{HMS|Beagle}} called into the [[Bay of Islands]] on its epic circumnavigation of the Earth and Darwin witnessed a game of cricket played by freed Māori slaves and the son of a missionary at Waimate North. Darwin in ''[[The Voyage of the Beagle]]''
The first recorded game of cricket in New Zealand took place in [[Wellington]] in December 1842. The ''Wellington Spectator'' reports a game on 28 December 1842 played by a "Red" team and a "Blue" team from the Wellington Club. The first fully recorded match was reported by the ''Examiner'' in [[Nelson, New Zealand|Nelson]] between the Surveyors and Nelson in March 1844.
The first team to tour New Zealand was Parr's all England XI in 1863–64. Between 1864 and 1914, 22 foreign teams toured New Zealand. England sent 6 teams, Australia 15 and one from [[Fiji]].
On 15–17 February 1894 the first team representing New Zealand played New South Wales at Lancaster Park in Christchurch. New South Wales won by 160 runs. New South Wales returned again in 1895–96 and New Zealand won the solitary game by 142 runs, its first victory. The New Zealand Cricket Council was formed towards the end of 1894.
New Zealand played its first two internationals (not Tests) in 1904–05 against a star-studded Australia team containing such players as [[Victor Trumper]], [[Warwick Armstrong]] and [[Clem Hill]]. Rain saved New Zealand from a thrashing in the first match, but not the second, which New Zealand lost by an innings and 358 runs – currently the second largest defeat in New Zealand first-class history.
In 1927 [[New Zealand cricket team in England in 1927|NZ toured England]]. They played 26 first class matches, mostly against county sides. They managed to beat [[Worcestershire County Cricket Club|Worcestershire]], [[Glamorgan County Cricket Club|Glamorgan]], [[Somerset County Cricket Club|Somerset]], and [[Derbyshire County Cricket Club|Derbyshire]]. On the strength of the performances of this tour New Zealand was granted [[Test status]].
In 1929/30 the [[English cricket team in New Zealand in 1929–30|M.C.C toured NZ]] and played 4 Tests all of 3 days in duration. New Zealand lost its first Test match but drew the next 3. In the second Test [[Stewie Dempster]] and [[John Mills (cricketer, born 1905)|Jackie Mills]] put on 276 for the first wicket. This is still the highest partnership for New Zealand against England. New Zealand first played South Africa in 1931–32 in a three match series but were unable to secure Test matches against any teams other than England before [[World War II]] ended all Test cricket for 7 years.
New Zealand's first Test after the war was against Australia in 1945/46. This game was not considered a "Test" at the time but it was granted Test status retrospectively by the [[International Cricket Council]] in March 1948. The New Zealand players who appeared in this match probably did not appreciate this move by the ICC as New Zealand were dismissed for 42 and 54. The [[New Zealand Cricket Council]]'s unwillingness to pay Australian players a decent allowance to tour New Zealand ensured that this was the only Test Australia played against New Zealand between 1929 and 1972.
In 1949 New Zealand sent one of its best ever sides to England. It contained [[Bert Sutcliffe]], [[Martin Donnelly (cricketer)|Martin Donnelly]], [[John Richard Reid|John R. Reid]] and [[Jack Cowie]]. However, 3-day Test matches ensured that all 4 Tests were drawn. Many have regarded the 1949 tour of England among New Zealand's best ever touring performances. All four tests were high-scoring despite being draws and Martin Donnelly's 206 at Lord's hailed as one of the finest innings ever seen there.<ref name="nzhistory.net.nz">{{cite web|url=http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/culture/cricket-in-nz/playing-england |title=New Zealand cricket Page 4 – Playing England |publisher=NZHistory |date=20 December 2012 |accessdate=7 February 2015}}</ref> Despite being winless, New Zealand did not lose a test either. Prior to this, only the legendary 1948 Australian team, led by the great [[Don Bradman]], had achieved this.
New Zealand played its first matches against the West Indies in 1951–52, and Pakistan and India in 1955/56.
In 1954/55 New Zealand recorded the lowest ever innings total, 26 against England. The following season New Zealand achieved its first Test victory. The first 3 Tests of a 4 Test series were won easily by the West Indies but New Zealand won the fourth to notch up its first Test victory. It had taken them 45 matches and 26 years to attain.
In the next 20 years New Zealand won only seven more Tests. For most of this period New Zealand lacked a class bowler to lead their attack although they had two excellent batsmen in [[Bert Sutcliffe]] and [[Glenn Turner]] and a great all-rounder in [[John Richard Reid|John R. Reid]].
Reid captained New Zealand on a tour to South Africa in 1961–62 where the five test series was drawn 2–2. The victories in the third and fifth tests were the first overseas victories New Zealand achieved. Reid scored 1,915 runs in the tour, setting a record for the most runs scored by a touring batsman of South Africa as a result.<ref name="Outstanding Achievements">{{cite web|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/1966/cricket-mens/page-5 |title=Outstanding Achievements |publisher=Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand |date=23 April 2009 |accessdate=7 February 2015}}</ref>
New Zealand won their first test series in their three match 1969/70 tour of Pakistan 1–0.<ref name="stats.espncricinfo.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/newzealand/engine/series/60430.html |title=New Zealand in Pakistan Test Series, 1969/70 |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |date=1 January 1970 |accessdate=7 February 2015}}</ref>
In 1973 [[Richard Hadlee]] debuted and the rate at which New Zealand won Tests picked up dramatically. Hadlee was one of the best pace bowlers of his generation, playing 86 Tests for New Zealand, before he retired in 1990. Of the 86 Tests that Hadlee played in New Zealand won 22 and lost 28. In 1977/78 New Zealand won its first Test against England, at the 48th attempt. Hadlee took 10 wickets in the match.
During the 1980s New Zealand also had the services of one of its best ever batsman, [[Martin Crowe]] and a number of good players such as [[John Wright (cricketer)|John Wright]], [[Bruce Edgar]], [[John Fulton Reid|John F. Reid]], [[Andrew Jones (cricketer, born 1959)|Andrew Jones]], [[Geoff Howarth]], [[Jeremy Coney]], [[Ian Smith (New Zealand cricketer)|Ian Smith]], [[John Bracewell]], [[Lance Cairns]], [[Stephen Boock]], and [[Ewen Chatfield]], who were capable of playing the occasional match winning performance and consistently making a valuable contribution to a Test match.
The best example of New Zealand's two star players (R. Hadlee and M. Crowe) putting in match winning performances and other players making good contributions is New Zealand versus Australia, 1985 at Brisbane. In Australia's first innings Hadlee took 9–52. In New Zealand's only turn at bat, M Crowe scored 188 and John F. Reid 108. Edgar, Wright, Coney, Jeff Crowe, V. Brown, and Hadlee scored between 17 and 54*. In Australia's second innings, Hadlee took 6–71 and Chatfield 3–75. New Zealand won by an innings and 41 runs.
One-day cricket also gave New Zealand a chance to compete more regularly than Test cricket with the better sides in world cricket. In one-day cricket a batsman does not need to score centuries to win games for his side and bowlers do not need to bowl the opposition out. One-day games can be won by one batsman getting a 50, a few others getting 30s, bowlers bowling economically and everyone fielding well. These were requirements New Zealand players could consistently meet and thus developed a good one-day record against all sides.
Perhaps New Zealand's most infamous one-day match was the "Under arm" match against Australia at the [[Melbourne Cricket ground|MCG]] in 1981. Requiring six runs to tie the match off the final ball, Australian captain [[Greg Chappell]] instructed his brother [[Trevor Chappell|Trevor]] to "bowl" the ball underarm along the wicket to prevent New Zealand batsman Brian McKechnie from hitting a six. The Australian umpires ruled the move as legal even though to this day many believe it was one of the most unsporting decisions made in cricket.
When New Zealand next played in the tri-series in Australia in 1983, [[Lance Cairns]] became a cult hero for his one-day batting. In one match against Australia, he hit six sixes at the [[Melbourne Cricket ground|MCG]], one of the world's largest grounds. Few fans remember that New Zealand lost this game by 149 runs. However, Lance's greatest contribution to New Zealand cricket was his son [[Chris Cairns]].
Chris Cairns made his debut one year before Hadlee retired in 1990. Cairns, one of New Zealand's best allrounders, led the 1990s bowling attack with [[Danny Morrison (cricketer)|Danny Morrison]]. [[Stephen Fleming]], New Zealand's most prolific scorer, led the batting and the team into the 21st century. [[Nathan Astle]] and [[Craig McMillan]] also scored plenty of runs for New Zealand, but both retired earlier than expected.
[[Daniel Vettori]] made his debut as an 18-year-old in 1997, and when he took over from Fleming as captain in 2007 he was regarded as the best spinning allrounder in world cricket. On 26 August 2009, Daniel Vettori became the eighth player and second left-arm bowler (after [[Chaminda Vaas]]) in history to take 300 wickets and score 3000 test runs, joining the illustrious club. Vettori decided to take an indefinite break from international short form cricket in 2011 but will continued to represent New Zealand in Test cricket and returned for the [[2015 Cricket World Cup]].
On 4 April 1996, New Zealand achieved a unique world record, where the whole team was adjudged Man of the Match for team performance against 4 run victory over the West Indies. This is recorded as the only time where whole team achieved such an award.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.howstat.com/cricket/Statistics/Matches/MatchScorecard_ODI.asp?MatchCode=1153 |title=1995-1996 West Indies v New Zealand - 4th Match - Georgetown, Guyana |publisher=HowStat |accessdate=11 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/series/16203/game/64524/West-Indies-vs-New-Zealand-4th-ODI |title=4th ODI, New Zealand tour of West Indies at Georgetown, Apr 3 1996 |publisher=ESPNcricinfo |accessdate=11 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/wisdenalmanack/content/story/151262.html | title=Fourth One-Day International – WEST INDIES v NEW ZEALAND | work=Wisden 1997 | accessdate=2 May 2016}}</ref>
New Zealand started the new millennium by winning the [[2000 ICC KnockOut Trophy]] in Kenya to claim their first, and so far, only ICC tournament. They started with a 64-run win over Zimbabwe then proceeded to beat Pakistan by 4 wickets in the semi-final. In the final against India, Chris Cairns scored an unbeaten 102 in New Zealand's run chase helping them win the tournament.
[[Shane Bond]] played 17 Tests for NZ between 2001 and 2007 but missed far more through injury. When fit, he added a dimension to the NZ bowling attack that had been missing since Hadlee retired.
The rise of the financial power of the BCCI had an immense effect on NZ cricket and its players. The BCCI managed to convince other boards not to pick players who had joined the rival Twenty-20 [[Indian Cricket League]]. NZ Cricket lost the services of [[Shane Bond]], [[Lou Vincent]], [[Andre Adams]], [[Hamish Marshall]] and [[Daryl Tuffey]]. The money to be made from Twenty-20 cricket in India may have also induced players, such as [[Craig McMillan]] and [[Scott Styris]] (from Test cricket) to retire earlier than they would have otherwise. After the demise of the Indian Cricket League Bond and Tuffey again played for New Zealand.
Vettori stood down as Test captain in 2011 leading to star batsman [[Ross Taylor]] to take his place. Taylor led New Zealand for a year which included a thrilling win in a low scoring Test match against Australia in [[Hobart]], their first win over Australia since 1993. In 2012/13 [[Brendon McCullum]] became captain and new players such as [[Kane Williamson]], [[Corey Anderson]], [[Doug Bracewell]], [[Trent Boult]] and [[Jimmy Neesham]] emerged as world-class performers. McCullum captained New Zealand to series wins against the West Indies and India in 2013/14 and both Pakistan and Sri Lanka in 2014/15 increasing New Zealand's rankings in both Test and ODI formats. In the series against India McCullum scored 302 at Wellington to become New Zealand's first Test [[List of Test cricket triple centuries|triple centurion]].
In early 2015 New Zealand made the final of the Cricket World Cup, going through the tournament undefeated until the final, where they lost to Australia by seven wickets.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.icc-cricket.com/cricket-world-cup/results|title=Results {{!}} Cricket World Cup 2015 - ICC Cricket {{!}} Official Website|website=http://www.icc-cricket.com|access-date=2016-03-19}}</ref>
In 2015 the New Zealand national cricket team played under the name of [[Aotearoa]] for their first match [[New Zealand cricket team in Zimbabwe in 2015|against Zimbabwe]] to celebrate [[Māori Language Week]].<ref name="Aotearoa">{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/south-africa-v-new-zealand-2015/content/story/903551.html |title=New Zealand to play as Aotearoa |accessdate=27 July 2015 |work=ESPNCricinfo}}</ref> j
In mid-2015 New Zealand toured England,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://m.cricbuzz.com/cricket-schedule/series/2284/new-zealand-tour-of-england-2015|title=New Zealand tour of England, 2015 schedule - Match details, time, venue - Cricbuzz|website=Cricbuzz|access-date=2016-03-20}}</ref> performing well, drawing the Test series 1-1, and losing the One Day series, 2–3.
In October to December 2015, and in February 2016, New Zealand played Australia in two Test Series, in three and two games a piece.<ref>http://www.cricket.com.au/tours/Australia%20tour%20of%20New%20Zealand%202016/0gNmdsJrDUWlUifh0A7_Kw</ref><ref>http://www.cricket.com.au/tours/Australia%20v%20New%20Zealand%202015/iwuM2AzqskWBz6SksstsmQa</ref> With a changing of an era in the Australian team, New Zealand was rated as a chance f winning especially in New Zealand. New Zealand lost both series by 2-Nil<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.smh.com.au/sport/cricket/australia-v-new-zealand-test-series-little-brothers-big-chance-20160211-gmrlqg.html|title=Australia v New Zealand Test series: Little brother's big chance|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|access-date=2016-03-20}}</ref>
==මුලාශ්ර==
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