|
|footnotes =
}}
'''Hyderabad''' ({{lang-te|హైదరాబాద్}}, {{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|حیدر آباد}}}}), is the [[capital (political)|capital]] and the most populous city of the [[India]]n state of [[Andhra Pradesh]]. Hyderabad has a population of over 4.0 million<ref name=wgazetteer2/> It is well-known for rich [[history]], [[culture]] and [[architecture]]. It is known as the ''City of [[Pearls]]'' and the ''City of [[Nizam]]s''. Recently, it has emerged as a modern hub of [[Information Technology]], [[ITES]] and [[Biotechnology]] industries.
The city has been classified as an [[Status of Indian cities|A-1 city]] in terms of development priorities, due to its size, population and impact.<ref>[http://www.csir.res.in/csir/external/heads/aboutcsir/announcements/cir371.pdf Upgradation of Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation as A-1 class city for the purpose of House Rent Allowance/Compensatory (City) Allowance"]. Department of Expenditure. Ministry of Finance. 10 October. 2007</ref>
Hyderabad has become a preferred conference venue in India, with many conferences and meetings taking place in the city. The city is home to the world's largest film studio, the [[Ramoji Film City]] as well as the third largest film industry in the country, the [[Telugu Film Industry]] known popularly as ''[[Cinema of Andhra Pradesh|Tollywood]]''. It is also a sporting destination with many national and international games conducted here, and is the home of the [[Deccan Chargers]]. The people here are called ''Hyderabadis''. The city is regarded as a blend of traditionality with modernity.<ref>http://www.hudahyd.org/</ref>
== Etymology ==
<nowiki>Theories</nowiki> explaining the origins and [[etymology]] behind Hyderabad's name differ. A popular theory suggests that after founding the city, [[Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah|Quli Qutb Shah]] fell in love with and married a local [[Banjara]] girl known as ''Bhagmathi'' or ''Bhagyavathi'' naming the city, ''Bhagyanagaram''. Upon her conversion to [[Islam]], she changed her name to Hyder Mahal and thus the city was named Hyderabad .<ref name="ATS_12">{{cite journal |title=Telugu Vāṇi |pages=12 |author=International Telugu Institute ({{lang-te|Antarjātīya Telugu Saṃstha}}) }}</ref><ref>[http://74.125.153.132/search?q=cache:AAuVO7d3cVMJ:www.hyderabadi.net/new/index.php%3Fview%3Darticle%26catid%3D1:latest-news%26id%3D1:history-of-hyderabad%26format%3Dpdf+Theories+explaining+the+origins+and+etymology+behind+Hyderabad's+name+differ.&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=in]</ref>
== History ==
{{මූලික|History of Hyderabad (India)}}
[[ගොනුව:Tomb of Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah in Hyderabad W IMG 4738.jpg|thumb|left|180px|Tomb of [[Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah]] in Hyderabad, India.]]
Although Hyderabad was founded less than 500 years ago, archaeologists have unearthed [[Iron Age]] sites near the city that could date back to 500 BC.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/ET_Cetera/Hyderabads_history_dates_back_to_500_BC/articleshow/3468146.cms
|title=Hyderabad's history could date back to 500 BC
|publisher=Economic Times
|accessdate=2008-09-10
}}</ref> Approximately, a 1000 years ago this region was ruled by [[Kakatiya]]s. [[Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah]], a ruler of the [[Qutb Shahi dynasty]] the ruling family of the [[Golconda Sultanate|Golconda]], previously a feudatory of [[Bahmani sultanate]] that declared independence in 1512, founded the city of Hyderabad on the banks of the [[Musi River]] in 1591;<ref name="Olson_Shadle_1996">{{cite book |title=Historical Dictionary of the British Empire |last=Olson |first=JS and R Shadle |pages=544 |year=1996 |publisher=Greenwood |isbn=0-31329-366-X }}</ref> to relieve water shortage the dynasty had experienced at their old headquarters at [[Golkonda|Golconda]].<ref name="Aleem_1984">{{cite book |title=Developments in Administration Under H.E.H. the Nizam VII |last=Aleem |first=S |pages=243 |year=1984 |publisher=Osmania University Press }}</ref> He also ordered the construction of the [[Charminar]], the iconic monument of the city, in 1591, reportedly in gratitude to the Almighty for arresting the plague epidemic before it did irreversible damage to his new city.<ref name="Bansal_2005">{{cite book |title=Encyclopedia of India |last=Bansal |first=SP |pages=61 |year=2007 |publisher=Smriti |isbn=8-18796-771-4 }}</ref>
The [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] emperor [[Aurangzeb]] captured Hyderabad in 1687<ref>[http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract;jsessionid=5EDD2A51CDC86CCC7EC6C579523D6164.tomcat1?fromPage=online&aid=2626396 Cambridge Journals]</ref> and during this short Mughal rule, Mughal-appointed governors of the city soon gained autonomy. In 1724, [[Asaf Jah I]], who was granted the title [[Nizam|Nizam-ul-Mulk]] ("Governor of the country") by the Mughal emperor, defeated a rival official to establish control over Hyderabad.<ref>http://www.thomex.com/Industrylink/hyderabad.html</ref> Thus began the Asaf Jahi dynasty that ruled [[Hyderabad]] until a year after India's independence from Britain. Asaf Jah's successors ruled as the Nizams of Hyderabad.<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asaf_Jahi_Dynasty</ref> The rule of the seven Nizams saw the growth of Hyderabad both culturally and economically. Hyderabad became the formal capital of the kingdom and Golconda was almost abandoned. Huge [[reservoir (water)|reservoirs]], like the [[Nizam Sagar]], [[Tungabhadra]], [[Osman Sagar]], [[Himayat Sagar]], and others were built. Survey work on [[Nagarjuna Sagar]] had also begun during this time; the actual work was completed by the [[Government of India]] in 1969. The wealth and grandeur of the Nizams is demonstrated by the fabled [[Jewels of The Nizams]] which is a tourist attraction.The state was richest and the largest among the princely states of India.The land area of the state was 90,543 mi² its population in 1901 was 50,073,759. It enjoyed an estimated revenue of £90,029,000.<ref name="india elections">http://www.indiaelections.co.in/lok-sabha-constituencies/andhra-pradesh/hyderabad/comment-page-1/</ref>
[[ගොනුව:Drawing Room of Chowmahela Palace, Hyderabad, India.JPG|thumb|right|The [[Chowmahalla Palace]] was the seat of the [[Asaf Jahi]] dynasty and was the official residence of the [[Nizam]].]]
Before 1947, Hyderabad was under the [[suzerainty]] of the [[The Crown|British Crown]] but was not part of [[British India]]. In 1947, at the time of the independence of British India and its [[Partition of India|Partition]] into the [[Union of India]] and the new state of [[Pakistan]], the British abandoned their claim to suzerainty over the [[Princely states]] and left them to decide their own future. The Nizam, because of Islamic leanings, wished either to remain independent or to accede to Pakistan.<ref>[http://74.125.153.132/search?q=cache:5D6-SgviQJYJ:lucentz.com/india-travel/13188%3Fformat%3Dpdf+Before+1947,+Hyderabad+was+under+the+suzerainty+of+the+British+Crown+but+was+not+part+of+British+India.+In+1947,+at+the+time+of+the+independence+of+British+India+and+its+Partition+into+the+Union+of+India+and+the+new+state+of+Pakistan,+the+British+abandoned+their+claim+to+suzerainty+over+the+Princely+states+and+left+them+to+decide+their+own+future.+The+Nizam,+because+of+Islamic+leanings,+wished+either+to+remain+independent+or+to+accede+to+Pakistan.&cd=9&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=in]</ref> However, for the Indian Union, this was unacceptable from the strategic perspective. Nizam's efforts also triggered the largest agrarian armed rebellion in modern Indian history, the [[Telangana Rebellion]]. To deter the Nizam, Indian union chose to implement an economic blockade which made the state of Hyderabad to sign a Standstill Agreement with it. Nizam's intransigence compelled Indian Union to use military force against the landlocked princely state of Hyderabad. This operation, termed [[Operation Polo]], was successful and on 17 September 1948 the Nizam signed an [[Instrument of Accession]] to the Union of India.<ref name="a">http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090603030920AA851z8</ref>
On November 1, 1956, the states of India were reorganized on linguistic grounds. The territories of the State of Hyderabad were divided between newly created ''Andhra Pradesh'', Mumbai state (later [[Maharashtra]]), and [[Karnataka]]. Hyderabad and the surrounding areas were added to Andhra Pradesh, based on the [[Telugu]] speaking community. Thus, Hyderabad became the capital city of the new state of Andhra Pradesh.<ref>http://hyderabadonline.in/Profile/History/</ref>
Since '90s owing to [[liberalisation]], the city has become a major hub of the IT industry which in turn brought changes in lifestyle and culture. The growth in IT sector and construction of [[International Airport]] witnessed rise in various other fields like [[real estate]] in 2000s although the [[Global financial crisis of 2008–2009]] has had a significant impact on construction activity.<ref name="india elections"/>
== Geography ==
{{මූලික|Geography of Hyderabad}}
[[ගොනුව:Hussain sagar hyd.jpg|thumb|left|[[Hussain Sagar|Hussain Sagar Lake]]]]
{{climate chart
|Hyderabad
|14.7|28.6|3.2
|17.0|31.8|5.2
|20.3|35.2|12.0
|24.1|37.6|21.0
|26.0|38.8|37.3
|23.9|34.4|96.1
|22.5|30.5|163.9
|22.0|29.6|171.1
|21.7|30.1|181.5
|20.0|30.4|90.9
|16.4|28.8|16.2
|14.1|27.8|6.1
|source=[http://www.imd.gov.in/section/climate/hyderabad1.htm IMD]
|float=right
|clear=right
}}
Situated on the [[Deccan Plateau]], Hyderabad has an average elevation of about 500 metres above sea level (1,640 ft). Most of the area has a rocky terrain and some areas are [[hilly]]. Crops are commonly grown in the surrounding paddy fields.<ref>http://www.iloveindia.com/travel/hyderabad/index.html</ref>
The original city of Hyderabad was founded on the banks of river [[Musi River, India|Musi]].<ref>http://www.thisismyindia.com/about_hyderabad/hyderabad-history.html</ref> Now known as the historic ''[[Old City]]'', home to the Charminar and [[Mecca Masjid]], it lies on the southern bank of the river. The heart of the city saw a shift to the north of the river, with the construction of many government buildings and landmarks there, especially south of the [[Hussain Sagar]] lake. The rapid growth of the city, along with the merging of [[Secunderabad]], 12 municipal circles and the [[Cantonment]] has resulted in a large, united and populous area. Still so many villages near by are getting a facelift to merge in the twin cities in the near future.<ref name="b">http://www.docstoc.com/docs/6180220/Hyderabad __Andhra_Pradesh</ref>
=== Climate ===
Hyderabad has a wet and dry climate with hot summers from late February to early June, the monsoon season from late June to early October and a pleasant winter from late October to early February.<ref>http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090429080433AAjrK6S</ref> In the evenings and mornings the climate is generally cooler because of the city's good elevation. Hyderabad gets about 32 inches (about 810 mm) of rain every year, almost all of it concentrated in the monsoon months. The highest temperature ever recorded was 45.5 <sup>o</sup> C (113.9 °F) on June 2, 1966, while the lowest recorded temperature was 6.1<sup>o</sup> C (43 °F) on January 8, 1946.<ref>{{cite web
| last = Weatherbase
| url = http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=82134&refer=&units=metric
| title = Historical Weather for Hyderabad, India
| accessdate = 2008-10-03}}</ref>
== Demographics ==
{{IndiaCensusPop
|title= Hyderabad Population
|1971= 1796000
|1981= 2546000
|1991= 3059262
|2001= 3637483
|estimate= 4025335
|estyear= 2009
|estref= <ref name=wgazetteer2/>
|footnote= World Gazetteer<ref>[http://censusindia.gov.in/ Census of India] Census of India does not have information from previous censuses on their site. Data from past censuses was obtained from World Gazetteer</ref>
}}
The city's population in 2001 was 3.6 million and it has reached over 4.0 million<ref name=wgazetteer2>[http://web.archive.org/web/20061117081029/www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&dat=32&geo=-104&srt=npan&col=aohdq&pt=c&va=&srt=pnan Hyderabad city population] World Gazetteer. Retrieved 29 June 2009</ref> by 2009 making it among the most populated cities in India, while the population of the metropolitan area was estimated above 6.3 million.<ref name=gazetteer>[http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=%26men=gcis%26lng=en%26dat=80%26geo=-104%26srt=pnan%26col=aohdq%26msz=1500%26va=%26pt=a&date=2010-02-28+18:24:37 Hyderabad Metro statistics] World Gazetteer. Retrieved 29 June 2009</ref> Hindus form a majority in the city. Muslims constitute about 40% of the population, making Hyderabad's Muslim community the largest in Andhra Pradesh.<ref>{{Citation
| last = Khan
| first = Masood Ali
| author-link =
| last2 =
| first2 =
| author2-link =
| title = Muslim population in AP
| newspaper = The Milli Gazette
| pages =
| year =
| date = August, 2004
| url = http://www.milligazette.com/Archives/2004/16-31Aug04-Print-Edition/163108200423.htm}}</ref> Muslims have substantial presence across the city and especially they are densely concentrated in and around Old City (Hyderabad), where they form 70% of the population. Christians constitute a small amount of the city's population. Churches are located across the city and the popular ones are in Abids and Secunderabad areas.<ref name="c">http://www.docstoc.com/docs/6180223/Hyderabad__India</ref>
== Language ==
[[Urdu]] and [[Telugu language|Telugu]] are the principal languages spoken in the city. [[English language|English]] has a strong presence among the educated people. <ref name="a"/>
The [[Telugu language|Telugu]] spoken here has assimilated many [[Urdu language|Urdu]] words into it. Similarly, Urdu spoken here is also unique, with influences of Telugu and Marathi, giving rise to a dialect sometimes called [[Hyderabadi Urdu]] or [[Deccani]]. The official language, Telugu, varies a little across the state but the core language remains the same.<ref name="b"/>
== Administration ==
{{මූලික|Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation}}
=== Local administration ===
[[ගොනුව:APhighcourt hyderabad.jpg|thumb|AP High Court at Hyderabad, the supreme judicial body of the State of Andhra Pradesh]]
The city is administered by a [[Nagar Nigam]] called ''[[Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation]]'' (GHMC),<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/04/17/stories/2008041719080100.htm
|title=GHMC comes into existence
|publisher=The Hindu
|accessdate=2008-04-17
}}</ref> whose titular head is the [[Mayor]] of Hyderabad who has few executive powers. In the past, the mayor was chosen by the legislative body of the [[Nagar Nigam|corporation]], but just before the last elections, the state government modified the Hyderabad Municipal Corporation Act, 1955, to stipulate that the mayoral election be held directly and simultaneously with the corporation elections. The real executive power of the corporation is vested in the [[Municipal Commissioner of Hyderabad|Municipal Commissioner]], an [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS officer]] appointed by the [[Government of Andhra Pradesh|Andhra Pradesh state government]]. The Mayor and the Corporation legislative body can and have been in the past dismissed by the state government. For several years elections had not been held for the corporation. Recently the corporation completed its full term and elections are due to the GHMC and for the post of Mayor.
A large part of the twin city Secunderabad and some parts of Hyderabad itself come under the jurisdiction of the [[Secunderabad Cantonment Board]] (SCB) owing to a large presence of military units. It provides basic infrastructure like roads, parks, water and other municipal needs to the public residing here.<ref name="d">http://bhagyanagartimes.com/govt.php</ref>
The GHMC is in charge of the civic needs and the infrastructure of the city. Hyderabad is divided into 150 [[Ward (country subdivision)|municipal wards]], each overseen by a corporator. The corporators of the administration are elected through popular vote, and almost all the [[political parties]] field candidates.The twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad are in three districts, [[Hyderabad District (India)|Hyderabad]], [[Rangareddy district|Rangareddy]] and [[Medak]]. The administration of each district is headed by a [[District Collector]] who is in charge of property records and revenue collection for the [[Government of India|Central government]]. The district collectors also oversees the elections held in the city.<ref>http://www.india.tm/php/show_distMore_wiki.php?state_name=Andhra%20Pradesh&district_id=56728&district_name=Hyderabad</ref>
[[Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority]] (HMDA), a planning agency chaired by the Chief Minister along with an IAS cadre officer has been formed to undertake developmental activities in a jurisdiction of above 6,250 km².<ref name="e"/>
=== District administration ===
[[ගොනුව:Hyderabad Legislative.JPG|thumb|Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in Hyderabad]]
The Hyderabad Metropolitan area<ref>http://hmdahyd.org/inside/pn_ejhuda.doc</ref> falls under the following districts each headed by a collector
# [[Hyderabad District, India|Hyderabad district]]- full (16 [[Mandals (India)|Mandals]])
# [[Medak district]]- part (10 [[Mandals (India)|Mandals]])
# [[Rangareddi District|Rangareddy district]]-part (22 [[Mandals (India)|Mandals]])
# [[Mahbubnagar District|Mahboobnagar district]]- part (2 [[Mandals (India)|Mandals]])
# [[Nalgonda district]]-part (4 [[Mandals (India)|Mandals]])
=== State and central administration ===
Hyderabad voters send 24 members to the[[Andhra Pradesh State Assembly|Legislative Assembly]], whose constituencies come under 5 [[Lok Sabha]] segments.
The new Assembly segments and their respective parliamentary constituencies(PC) are: Malkajgiri, Kukatpally, Uppal, Lal Bahadur Nagar (LB Nagar), Secunderabad Cantonment, Quthbullapur under Malkajgiri PC;
Musheerabad, Amberpet, Khairatabad, Jubilee Hills, Sanathnagar, Nampally, Secunderabad under Secunderabad PC;
Malakpet, Karwan, Goshamahal, Yakutpura, Charminar, Chandrayanagutta, Bahadurpura under Hyderabad PC;
Maheswaram, Rajendranagar, Serilingampally under Chevella PC and
Patancheru under Medak PC.
=== Law and order ===
The city is divided by the state police into [[Hyderabad Police]] and [[Cyberabad Police]] which come under the state Home Ministry and are headed by [[Police commissioner|Police Commissioners]], who are [[Indian Police Service|IPS]] officers. [[Basheerbagh]] houses important government offices such as the Police Commissioner's office, Police Control room, Income tax Commissioner's office, Central Excise and customs office, Central Reservation office etc. The city is divided into five police zones, each headed by a [[Deputy Commissioner of Police]]. The Traffic Police is a semi-autonomous body under the Hyderabad and Cyberabad commissionerates.<ref name="d"/>
=== Judiciary ===
Hyderabad is the seat of the Andhra Pradesh High Court, and also has two lower courts - the [[Small Causes Court]] for civil matters and the [[Sessions Court]] for criminal cases. The High Court and Legislature are [[Industrial Heritage|heritage]] buildings built by Nizam.
== Economy ==
{{seealso|List of companies based in Hyderabad, India}}
[[ගොනුව:Laadbazar.jpg|thumb|left|A store at [[Laad Bazaar]] selling bangles and jewellery. The Laadbazar and the Charminar market area are famous for pearls.]]
[[ගොනුව:Somajiguda hyderabad.jpg|thumb|[[Somajiguda]], one of the areas in the city where urbanization is on the rise.]]
[[ගොනුව:Modern Hyderbad.jpg|thumb|Modern Street with offices on both sides of the road]]
Hyderabad is the financial and economic capital of the state of Andhra Pradesh. The city is the largest contributor to the state's [[Gdp|gross domestic product]], state tax and excise revenues. The workforce participation is about 29.55 percent. Starting in the 1990s, the economic pattern of the city has changed from being a primarily service city to being one with a more diversified spectrum, including trade, transport, commerce, storage, communication etc. [[Service industry]] is the major contributor, with urban workforce constituting 90% of the total workforce.<ref>http://sandbproperties.com/</ref>
Hyderabad is known as the city of pearls, lakes and, lately, for its IT companies. The bangles market known as [[Laad Bazaar]] is situated near Charminar. Products such as silverware, saris, [[Nirmal]] and [[Qalamkari|Kalamkari]] paintings and artifacts, unique [[Bidri ware|Bidri]] [[handicraft|handcrafted]] items, [[lacquer]] [[bangle]]s studded with stones,silk ware, cotton ware and handloom-based clothing materials are made and traded through the city for centuries.
Hyderabad is a major centre for pharmaceuticals with companies such as [[Dr. Reddy's Laboratories]], Matrix Laboratories, Hetero Drugs Limited, Divis Labs, Aurobindo Pharma Limited, Lee Pharma and Vimta Labs being housed in the city. Initiatives such as [[Genome Valley, Hyderabad, India|Genome Valley]], Fab City and the Nano Technology park are expected to create extensive infrastructure in bio-technology.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iciciknowledgepark.com/icicikp/iciciinnerfiles/genomevalley.htm |title=The Genome Valley, Hyderabad |accessdate=2006-03-06}}</ref>
Like many Indian cities, Hyderabad has witnessed a remarkable growth in the [[real estate]] business, thanks to a predominantly information-technology-driven boom in the 1990s and the retail industry growth over the last few years which have spurred hectic commercial activity. A number of mega malls have come up or are being built in the city. Real estate demand in the suburban and rural areas surrounding Hyderabad has gone up exponentially leading to reckless increase in prices over the past few years.<ref>http://rickshawchallenge.com/route/tech-raid/hyderabad</ref>
The retail industry in Hyderabad is on the rise. Many international and national brands have set up retail chains here. The city has multiple Central Business Districts (CBDs) spread across the city. There are many major business/commercial districts from the older [[Charminar]] area to newer Kothaguda. For the advancement of infrastructure in the city, the government is building a skyscraper business district at Manchirevula, near [[Rajendranagar]] with a 450 m supertall structure [[APIIC Tower]] at its centre. Also, the Lanco Hills near [[Gachibowli]] presents the tallest structure in India for residential and commercial purposes.
Refer [[:Category:Industries in Hyderabad|Industries and companies in Hyderabad]]
=== Information technology industry ===
{{මූලික|Information Technology industry in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh}}
[[ගොනුව:Cyber Towers Madhapur Hyderabad.jpg|thumb|right|Cyber Towers IT Park at [[Madhapur]], the symbol of IT industry in Hyderabad.]]
Hyderabad has established itself as the leading destination for [[Information technology|IT]] and [[ITES|IT-enabled services]], [[pharmaceuticals]] [[call centres]] and [[entertainment]] industries. Many [[computer software]] companies, software consulting firms, [[business process outsourcing]] (BPO) firms, dealing with IT and other technological services firms have established their offices and facilities in the city since the 1990s.
The development of a township with state-of-the-art facilities called [[HITEC City]] prompted several [[Information technology|IT]] and [[ITES]] companies to set up operations in the city. An aggressive promotion of growth in this area has led civic boosters to call the city ''[[Cyberabad]]''.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://finance.indiainfo.com/news/2005/05/11/1105it-exports.html
|title=Report on IT exports of India
|accessdate=2007-12-05}}</ref> There have been extensive investments in [[digital]] [[infrastructure]] within the city promoting the setting up of several campuses by a vast [[Hyderabad, India and IT Industry|array of companies]] within the city. This list includes several multinational corporations having established their development centres in the city. Major areas where such campuses have been set up are [[Madhapur]], [[Kondapur]], Gachibowli and Uppal.
Hyderabad is home to numerous [[Fortune 500]] Corporations, with the majority related to IT or [[BPO]] services industry. [[Microsoft]] (with its largest R&D campus outside the US), [[Computer Associates]], [[Amazon.com|Amazon]], [[GE]], [[IBM]], [[AMD]], [[Accenture]], [[Google]], [[Motorola]], [[SAP AG]], [[DuPont]], [[Deloitte]], [[Oracle Corporation]], [[Dell]], [[Franklin Templeton]], [[Qualcomm]], [[Nvidia]], [[Agilent]], [[Automatic Data Processing|ADP]], [[UBS AG]], [[Rockwell Collins]], [[Fidelity Investments]], [[Bank of America]], [[Computer Sciences Corporation|CSC]], [[Verizon]], [[Convergys]], [[Texas Instruments]], [[Hewlett-Packard]], [[Virtusa]] are a few of the Fortune 500 companies that have significant presence in Hyderabad. [[Honeywell]] opened a new R&D centre at Nanakramguda, which is situated on the verge of Gachibowli.
Indian IT giants such as [[HCL]], [[Mahindra Satyam]], [[Infosys]], [[Wipro]], [[Patni Computer Systems]], [[Cognizant Technology Solutions|Cognizant Technologies]], [[Tata Consultancy Services]], [[Polaris]], Infotech Enterprises, etc also have their development centres in the city.
== Transport ==
{{මූලික|Transport in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh}}
=== Road ===
[[ගොනුව:Hyderabad volvo.JPG|thumb|The [[Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation]], which runs the world's largest fleet of buses,<ref name="guinnnes">[http://www.apsrtc.gov.in/About%20Us/guinnes.htm guinnnes<!--Bot-generated title-->]</ref> connects Hyderabad with neighboring cities and states.]]
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:teluguthalli.JPG|left|thumb|200px|Telugu thalli flyover]] -->
The [[Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation]]<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://apsrtc.gov.in APSRTC official web site
|title=APSRTC
|publisher=
|accessdate=2006-08-29
}}</ref> runs a fleet of 19,000 buses, the largest in the world.<ref name="guinnnes"/>
Hyderabad has the third largest bus station facility in Asia, with 72 platforms for 89 buses to load passengers at a time. Officially named as the [[Mahatma Gandhi Bus Station]], it is locally known as the [[Imlibun]] Bus Station, making trips across the state and to some parts of [[South India]]. Jubilee Bus Station at [[Secunderabad]] runs buses to various parts of the state. Buses plying in and around the city provide major commutation for city dwellers.
The yellow colored [[Auto Rickshaw]] usually referred to as an [[auto]], is the most widely used transport service and has flag down minimum fare of Rs 12 for first 1.5 km and then Rs 7 per km. Radio Taxis and cabs by private players have provided an easy travel in the city.<ref name="abc">http://indiaforu.com/About%20Hyderabad.html</ref>
Hyderabad is connected to the rest of the country by [[Indian highways|National Highways]]—[[List of National Highways in India|NH-7]], [[National Highway 9 (India)|NH-9]] and NH-202. Hyderabad is also well connected to the remaining parts of the state. Like other cities, Hyderabad suffers from traffic congestion. Completion of the Inner Ring Road and construction of the [[Outer Ring Road (Hyderabad)|Outer Ring Road]] encircling Hyderabad city is also underway and is touted to make travel in the city easier. Many flyovers and undepasses are also being constructed to ease traffic congestion in the city.<ref name="abc"/>
=== Rail ===
[[ගොනුව:MMTS NecklaceRoadStation6.jpg|thumb|[[MMTS]] at the Necklace Road Station]]
Hyderabad has a light rail transportation system cum suburban railway system known as the [[MMTS Hyderabad|MultiModal Transport System]] ([[MMTS Hyderabad|MMTS]]) which offer connectivity between rail and road transport for the facility of the commuters. MMTS provides connectivity to all major parts of the city, and is a suitable alternative for those who want to avoid road traffic.<ref>http://www.tvsventures.com/html/why-hyd.htm</ref>
The [[South Central Railway]] headquarters are located at Secunderabad (Hyderabad). [[Secunderabad]] is one of the major railway junctions in the [[Indian Railway]] map. The three main railway stations are [[Secunderabad Railway Station]], [[Hyderabad Railway Station]] ([[Nampally]]) and [[Kachiguda Railway Station]], providing connectivity not only within the city but also to the rest of the state and country. A modern railway terminal is being planned to be constructed near [[HITEC City]] railway station to facilitate passengers in the western parts of the city.<ref>http://mountrose.in/hyd_transport.php</ref>
=== Air ===
[[ගොනුව:Hyderabad Airport.jpg|thumb|The [[Rajiv Gandhi International Airport]] at Shamshabad has a passenger terminal capacity of 40mn per annum.]]
There has been an unprecedented increase in the number of passengers leading to increased air traffic. The Airport at [[Begumpet]] was unable to cope up with the situation and was shut down on 22 March 2008. The new state-of-the-art [[Rajiv Gandhi International Airport]] opened on March 2008 by [[Sonia Gandhi]] at [[Shamshabad]], southwest of the city. The airport has the second longest runway in India next to Delhi and caters to the high passenger and cargo transits. The airport runs flights to all important destinations, both domestically and internationally.
The PV Narasimha Rao Expressway, named after [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]], former [[Prime Minister]] of India, is being constructed at an elevated level from [[Mehdipatnam]] to [[Rajendranagar]] along with an [[underpass]] and [[trumpet interchange]] for providing dedicated high speed travel to the airport. Once completed it will be the longest [[flyover]] in India. There are three wide roads leading to the new airport from the city and modern taxis and buses can shuttle passengers between the city and the airport. The [[Outer Ring Road (Hyderabad)|Nehru Outer Ring Road]] has a special mention here as it serves as an [[expressway]] between Gachibowli and [[Shamshabad]]. The city hosted The Routes Regional Asia 2009 from 29 to 31 March 2009. Rajiv Gandhi International Airport bagged first place in the Routes Airport Marketing Awards in the Indian Sub-Continent category.
=== Proposed mass rapid transport system ===
To address the burgeoning industry and population of the city, the demands on the local transport network of the city have increased manifold in the past decade. To ease congestion, the city, state and national governments are investing in the [[Hyderabad Mass Rapid Transit System]] (''Hyderabad Metro''), consisting of elevated tracks through the high-density corridors of the city. The contract for developing the system was awarded to Maytas Infrastructure, though this a fresh round of bids may be invited due to the accounting scandal at [[Satyam Computer Services]].
== Culture ==
[[ගොනුව:India food.jpg|thumb|[[Hyderabadi Biryani]]]]
The City has evolved into a cosmopolitan society due to the heavy presence of the Information technology Industry while maintaining ancient culture and traditions. Historically, Hyderabad has been the city where distinct cultural and linguistic traditions of [[North India]] and [[South India]] meet. ''Hyderabadis'', as residents of the city are known, have developed a distinctive culture which is a mixture of [[හින්දු]] and [[Muslim]] traditions.
Women of all cultures and faiths in Hyderabad typically wear either the traditional Indian dress, the [[sari]], or, increasingly, the [[Salwar kameez]] especially among the younger population. The traditional Hyderabadi garb for females are the [[Khara Dupatta]] and the [[Salwar kameez|Shalwar Qamis]], and for the males, it is the [[Sherwani]]. This is one of the more visible [[Muslim culture of Hyderabad|cultural attributes]] of Hyderabad.
One of Hyderabad's public carnivals is the annual immersion of Lord [[Ganesh]] idols after the 10 day [[Ganesh Chaturthi]] celebrations on [[Ananta Chaturdashi]] (locally known as the Ganesh Nimajjanam). It is a spectacular event and attracts many foreigners every year. [[Bonalu]] is a vernacular festival that is celebrated with great fervour.The Hyderabadi Muslims favourite holy month is Ramzan in which every Muslim keep fasting for a month and after Eid-Ul-Fitr which is celebrated with full of joy by everyone and this day a traditional sweet is made known as Sheer Qorma. Another is the procession of [[Muharram]] which takes place every year 10th Muharram (1st month of Islamic calendar). While this event is mourned throughout the Shia Muslim world , the old city of Hyderabad, known as Charminar is famed for its grand procession in which participants sacrifice their own blood by hitting on their heads, chest and back with sharp edge weapons (knives, swords and knives attached to chains).<ref>http://www.merinews.com/catFull.jsp?articleID=144502</ref>
=== Cuisine ===
[[Hyderabadi cuisine]] is a blend of [[Traditional South Indian Mughlai cuisine|Mughal]] and [[Iran|Persian]] cuisine. [[Hyderabadi Biryani]] is an iconic dish of the region. Other native preparations include [[Qubani ka meetha]], [[Double ka meetha]], [[Phirni]] , [[Nihari|Nahari Kulche]] also known as ''[[Siri paya|paya]]'' and [[Hyderabadi Haleem|Haleem]] (a meat dish traditionally eaten during the holy month of [[Ramazan]]), Kaddu Ki Kheer (a sweet porridge made with sweet gourd), Sheer Qorma (a sweet liquid dish cooked with vermicelli and milk), Mirchi ka saalan, Bagaare baigan, Khatti dal, Khichdi and Khatta, Til ki chutney, baigan ki chutney, Til ka khatta, Aam ka achaar, Gosht ka achaar, Peosi (a sweet prepared with egg whites and milk), Shahi tukde, Kheema aaloo etc.<ref>http://jannah.org/madina/index.php?topic=2944.0</ref>
[[Indian sweets]] are known for their [[ghee]]-based items. Famous sweet shops include the traditionally made. Widely found on street-corners are [[Irani café]]'s that offer ''Irani chai'', ''Irani samosa'' and ''Osmania biscuit''.
Italian, Mexican, Chinese and Continental cuisine are all popular in the city along with typical [[Andhra]] and other South Indian cuisine. The city also has some of the best pubs in South Asia and a growing popularity for [[Trance Music]].<ref>http://hyderabadmetrorail.com/Culture.html</ref>
=== Hospitality ===
Hyderabad has seen an increase in the hospitality sector. Some of the Five star hotels in the city are [[ITC]] Kakatiya [[Sheraton]] at [[Greenlands]], Taj Krishna at [[Banjara Hills]], Taj Deccan at [[Banjara Hills]], Hotel [[Novotel]] at [[Madhapur]], The [[Marriott]] at [[Tank Bund]], Ramada Hotel Manohar at [[Begumpet]] and Hotel Ista at Gachibowli. Four star hotels like Hotel Greenpark, Hotel Peppermint, Hotel Kasani GR etc.. Hotel [[Novotel]] present at Hyderabad Airport, [[Shamshabad]] is a newly built hotel for passengers coming from various countries to the city. Westin Hotels owned by Starwoods Hotels and Resorts(Owners of Shereton, Le Meridien and more) are soon to launch their luxury hotel this year. Many more hotels are in the pipeline in view of the increasing demand in this sector.<ref>http://pearlcity-hyderabad.blogspot.com/</ref>
There are several budget hotels existing in the city, specially in the old business districts such as [[Abids]]. They provide convenient access to the main railway stations of [[Kacheguda]] and [[Nampally]] along with close access to shopping and government departments nearby and are specially ideal for families and business travelers with a tight budget. Some of the well known ones are Hotel Geetanjali situated on Tilak Road.
== Education and research ==
{{මූලික|Education in Hyderabad, India}}
[[ගොනුව:Ind school of business.jpg|thumb|[[Indian School of Business]] at Hyderabad, ranked number 15 in global MBA rankings by the [[Financial Times]] of London in 2009<ref>[http://www.hindu.com/2009/01/28/stories/2009012854792000.htm ISB moves up to 15th position in FT rankings - The Hindu<!--Bot-generated title-->]</ref>]]
[[ගොනුව:Hyderabadmuseum.jpg|thumb|[[Salar Jung Museum]]]]
Hyderabad is an important seat of learning in India.The city is home to three central universities, two deemed universities, and six state universities. Among them is the [[Osmania University]], established in 1917, which is the seventh oldest university in India and the third oldest in South India.<ref name="ouwebsite">{{cite web
|url=http://www.osmania.ac.in/AboutUsVCSpeech.htm
|title="Vice Chancellor's Speech about Osmania University"
|accessdate=2007-11-15
}}</ref> [[Hyderabad Central University]], [[Nalsar University of Law|National Academy of Legal Studies & Research]], [[Potti Sreeramulu Telugu University]], [[Maulana Azad National Urdu University]] and [[Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages|English and Foreign Languages University]], [[Indira Gandhi National Open University]], Dr. BR Ambedkar Open University are other famous universities which are present in the city.<ref>http://www.orissalinks.com/archives/1583</ref> [[Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University]], a well known educational institution in the field of Agriculture is located on the outskirts of the city.
The [[Indian School of Business]], a top ranking business school which attracts students from all over the world is present at Gachibowli, Hyderabad.
Hyderabad is surrounded by hundreds of engineering colleges. Among the pre-eminent engineering colleges located in the city are the [[Indian Institute of Technology]], A campus of [[BITS Pilani]], [[International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad|International Institute of Information Technology]], Osmania University, CBIT and [[Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University]] are located in this city. Important medical institutions include [[Gandhi Medical College]], [[Osmania Medical College]] and several other private medical colleges, such as [[Deccan College of Medical Sciences]]and shadan medical college. Fly-Tech Aviation Academy and Rajiv Gandhi Aviation Academy are those amongst the best institutes in the aviation field.
Hyderabad is home to numerous research institutes, including the [[Indian Institute of Chemical Technology]] (IICT), [[Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology]] (CCMB), [[National Geophysical Research Institute]](NGRI)([http://www.ngri.org.in/ NGRI]), [[IRISET]] for railway signal engineering and [[ICRISAT]]. [[Defence Research and Development Organisation|Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)]] along with DRDL and DERL has research centres in Hyderabad to develop communication and radar systems and for the [[Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme]] (IGMDP). Nuclear energy sector has a strong presence with three organisations under [[Department of Atomic Energy (India)]] including the [[Atomic Minerals Directorate for Exploration and Research]] (AMD), [[Nuclear Fuel Complex]] (NFC) and [[Electronics Corporation of India Limited]] (ECIL).<ref name="abc"/>
Hyderabad has facilities to hold international conferences at a large scale. Hyderabad will be hosting the prestigious [[International Congress of Mathematicians]] (ICM), <ref>http://www.icm2010.org.in</ref> in August, 2010. It is expected that more than 4000 Mathematicians from all over world will be participating in this conference.
<!-- Please add Institution details in the page 'List of institutions based in Hyderabad India', not here -->
{{see also|List of institutions based in Hyderabad, India}}
== Media ==
{{මූලික|Media in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh}}
[[ගොනුව:Imax theater hyderabad.jpg|thumb|Prasads IMAX Theatre houses the largest IMAX-3D in the world.<ref>http://www.rediff.com/money/2003/jun/10imax.htm</ref>]]
[[ගොනුව:Bharati.jpg|thumb|[[Ravindra Bharathi]], a well known center for arts and theatre in the city]]
=== Film industry ===
Hyderabad is home to the largest film industry in India by sheer number of films it produces, [[Telugu cinema]], also known as ''[[Cinema of Andhra Pradesh|Tollywood]]'' which produces approximately three hundred movies every year. Saradhi Studios, [[Annapurna Studios]], Ramanaidu Studios, Ramakrishna Studios, Padmalaya Studios, [[Ramoji Film City]] (the largest Film Studio in India) are some of the notable film studios in the city. The first Hyderabad International Film Festival (HIFF) was organised in 2007 by the Hyderabad Film Club and Andhra Pradesh Film Directors Association.The largest [[IMAX 3D]] Theatre in the Asia and has powerful projector in the world with24 optical focus is [[Prasads IMAX]] along with 4D Simulator at Hyderabad, India. Inox, [[PVR Cinemas]], [[Cine Planet]], Cinemax, BIG Cinemas and Talkie Town are some other multiplexes in Hyderabad. In the near future 17 more multiplexes are coming up in the areas like Kukatpally, [[Kacheguda]] etc.<ref>http://www.bharat.co.in/about-hyd.html</ref>
=== Arts and theater ===
[[Ravindra Bharati]] located at Saifabad, is an important and well known center for theatre and performing arts in the city. Many artists from around the world perform here regularly. Lalithakala Thoranam, [[Shilpakala Vedika]] are also similar centers for arts and theatre. State-of-the-art Hyderabad International Convention Centre (HICC) or simply HITEX is the first of its kind in South Asia and is comparable to the world's best convention centers.<ref>http://archive.is/20120530044936/ahssan.wordpress.com/2009/02/04/amazing-hyderabad-the-wonders-within/</ref>
=== Electronic media ===
The radio industry has expanded with a number of private and [[All India Radio|government owned]] FM channels being introduced. The FM radio channels that broadcast in the city include [[All India Radio|AIR]] ''Vividh Bharathi'' FM (102.8 MHz), AIR Rainbow FM (101.9 MHz), [[Radio Mirchi]] FM (98.3 MHz), [[Radio City (India radio station)|Radio City]] FM (91.1 MHz), [[Big FM]] (92.7 MHz), S FM (93.5 MHz) and AIR Gyan Vani FM (107.6 MHz). State-owned [[Doordarshan]] transmits two terrestrial television channels and one satellite television channel from Hyderabad. Some prominent private regional television channels broadcasting from Hyderabad are [[ETV Telugu|ETV]], [[Gemini TV|Gemini]], [[Teja TV|Teja]], [[Maa TV]], [[Zee Telugu]], [[ETV Urdu]], [[Eenadu TV 2|ETV2]], [[TV9]], Sakshi TV, [[NTV - INDIA|NTV]], [[TV5 (India)|TV5]], [[RTV]], [[Bhakti TV|Bhakthi TV]], i news|i News, [[Local TV]].<ref>http://letusknow.co.in/districts/hyd.html</ref>
=== Print media ===
Hyderabad has three print media groups that publish several newspapers and magazines in Telugu, Urdu, Hindi and English. The major Telugu dailies include the [[Eenadu]], [[Saakshi (newspaper)|Saakshi]], [[Vaartha]], [[Andhra Jyothi]], [[Andhra Prabha]], [[Andhra Bhoomi]] and [[Praja Shakthi]]. The major English dailies are [[The Deccan Chronicle]], [[Business Standard]], [[The Hindu]], [[The Times of India]], [[The New Indian Express]] and [[The Economic Times]]. Hyderabad publishes more number of Urdu dailies than any other Indian city. The major Urdu dailies are [[The Siasat Daily]], [[The Munsif Daily]], [[The Etemaad]], Rehnuma-e-Deccan, [[Rozanama Rashtriya Sahara]] and [[The Daily Milap]]
=== Communication services ===
Hyderabad is covered by a large network of optical fibre cables. There are four [[Landline|fixed telephone line]] operators in the city: [[BSNL]], [[Tata Indicom]], [[Reliance]] and [[Airtel]]. There are nine [[mobile phone]] companies in which [[GSM]] players include [[BSNL]], [[Vodafone]], [[Idea cellular|Idea]], [[Airtel]], [[Tata DoCoMo]], [[Aircel]]; [[CDMA]] services offered by [[BSNL]], [[Virgin Mobile]], [[Tata Indicom]] and [[Reliance]] currently, with [[Spice Telecom]] soon to launch its services.
== Sports ==
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[[ගොනුව:Uppal stadium.jpg|thumb|Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket stadium]]
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[[ගොනුව:India stadium hyderabad.jpg|thumb|[[G.M.C. Balayogi Athletic Stadium]]]]
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[[Cricket]] and [[field hockey|hockey]] are the most popular sports in the city. [[Hyderabad Sultans]] won the inaugural [[Premier Hockey League]] championship in 2005. The city took pride in hosting National Games and [[Afro-Asian Games]]. [[Hyderabad 10k Run]] is a marathon event conducted every year.<ref name="e">http://kkrchowdary.blogspot.com/2009/02/about-hyderabad.html</ref>
The earliest stadium built in the city is the [[Lal Bahadur Shastri Stadium]]. Formerly known as Fateh Maidan, it was, till recently, the city's only stadium that could conduct International cricket matches. The first cricket match played here was on November 19, 1955. The stadium is currently being used to conduct [[Indian Cricket League|ICL]] matches. The new [[Rajiv Gandhi International Cricket Stadium]] at Uppal has a capacity of approximately 55,000 spectators and is being enhanced to have world class facilities. It houses an ultra-modern [[gymnasium]] along with a [[swimming pool]].<ref>http://sawaal.ibibo.com/hyderabad/about-stadiums-hyd-540175.html</ref>
Hyderabad's [[Deccan Chargers]] franchise in the [[Indian Premier League]] was bought by [[Deccan Chronicle]] for USD 107 million. Deccan Chargers won the title for the year 2009. Notable players include [[Adam Gilchrist]], [[Andrew Symonds]], [[VVS Laxman]], [[Herschelle Gibbs]], [[Scott Styris]], [[RP Singh]], [[Shahid Afridi]], [[Rohit Sharma]], [[Pragyan Ojha]], [[Chaminda Vaas]] and [[Chamara Silva]]. For the 2009 season, [[Fidel Edwards]] and [[Dwayne Smith]] were included in the squad and Shahid Afridi was shown the door. The city also has an [[Indian Cricket League|ICL]] team named [[Hyderabad Heroes]].<ref name="c"/>
The city houses the [[Swarnandhra Pradesh Sports Complex]], the [[G.M.C. Balayogi Athletic Stadium]] at [[Gachibowli]] for [[hockey]] and football and a sophisticated [[Velodrome]] for cycling at [[Osmania University]]. The city has state-of-the-art venues for [[gymnastics]], archery and [[sepak takraw]], [[shooting]] at [[Saroornagar Indoor Arena]] and [[University of Hyderabad]] respectively. The [[Aquatics Complex Stadium]] at Gachibowli, with a capacity of 3000 spectators hosts swimming, diving, water polo and synchronized events. [[Kotla Vijay Bhaskar Reddy Indoor Stadium]] is a multi-purpose stadium with a capacity of 2500 spectators and [[wooden flooring]] with temperature control. SAAP Tennis Complex has a central court that holds 5000 spectators and has seven courts with synthetic surface. Water games like rowing, yachting, [[kayaking]] and [[canoeing]] are conducted at Hussain Sagar lake. The city also has five [[Go-Karting]] tracks and a [[Paint Ball]] Field. There are venues for table-tennis, basketball, [[equestrianism]], boxing, weight-lifting with world class facilities.
The city is well known for Horse racing. The [[Hyderabad Race Club]] formerly known as the Nizam Race Club is located at [[Malakpet]]. The Hyderabad race club attracts jockeys from all over the country by conducting various derbys/events here. [[Deccan derby]], a popular annual event is a regular feature here. The winter races also were conducted here recently. [[Badminton]] events take place at the Kotla Vijay Bhaskar Stadium and also at Gachibowli stadiums, and also played by youth and veterans in locality parks.
{{clear}}
== Famous Hyderabadis ==
For more details see [[List of people from Hyderabad|Famous Hyderabadis]]. These people were either born or have spent substantial part of their life in Hyderabad before becoming famous. The profile of these people reflect the cosmopolitan nature of Hyderabad.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Domain
!Personalities
|-
| [[Indian Independence Movement]] || [[Sarojini Naidu]]
|-
| Politics || [[Marri Chenna Reddy]],[[P Janardhan Reddy]], [[Bandaru Dattatreya]], [[Sultan Salahuddin Owaisi]],[[V. Hanumantha Rao]]
|-
| Films || [[Shyam Benegal]], [[Tabu]], [[Ramgopal Varma]], [[Akkineni Nagarjuna|Nagarjuna]], [[Diana Hayden]], [[Waheeda Rehman]], [[Nagesh Kukunoor]], [[Diya Mirza]], [[Vivek Oberoi]], [[Nandamuri Balakrishna|Balakrishna]]
|-
| Sports || [[M. L. Jaisimha]], [[Pullela Gopichand]], [[Shivlal Yadav]], [[V.V.S.Laxman]], [[Arshad Ayub]], [[Mohammed Azharuddin]], [[Sania Mirza]], [[Saina Nehwal]], [[Harsha Bhogle]]
|-
| Science & Technology || [[Rakesh Sharma]]
|}
== Sister cities ==
{{refimprovesect|date=August 2009}}
* {{flagicon|UAE}} [[Dubai]], [[UAE]]
* {{flagicon|Colombia}} [[Medellin]], [[Colombia]]
* {{ධජනිරූපකය|ජර්මනිය}} [[Munich]], [[ජර්මනිය]]
* {{flagicon|USA}} [[Riverside, California]], [[United States]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Riverside's Sister Cities|url=http://www.riversideca.gov/mayor/international.asp|date=2009|publisher=City of Riverside, California|accessdate=5 August 2009}}</ref>
* {{ධජනිරූපකය|දකුණු කොරියාව}} [[Suwon]], [[දකුණු කොරියාව]]
* {{flagicon|Taiwan}} [[Taipei]], [[Taiwan]]
== Tourist attractions ==
{{මූලික|Tourist attractions in Hyderabad}}
[[ගොනුව:Meccamasjid hyderabad.jpg|thumb|[[Makkah Masjid]]]]
[[ගොනුව:Golconda 011.JPG|thumb|[[Golkonda|Golconda Fort]]]]
[[ගොනුව:Hussain Sagar lake, Hyderabad.jpg|thumb|Statue of [[Gautama Buddha|Buddha]] on the [[Hussain sagar|Hussain Sagar Lake]].]]
[[ගොනුව:Lumbini park, entrance.jpg|thumb|Entrance to the [[Lumbini Park]].]]
[[ගොනුව:Ramojifilmcity hyderabad.jpg|thumb|Mughal gardens at [[Ramoji Film City]]]]
* [[Mecca Masjid]] - is one of the oldest mosques and the biggest mosque in India.
* [[Charminar]] - the major landmark in Hyderabad with four graceful [[minaret]]s located in the old city. It is built as a memorial for plague victims. It is in the midst of Charkaman.
* [[Chowmahalla Palace]]- It was the seat of [[Asaf Jahi]] dynasty, where the Nizam entertained his official guests and royal visitors. Initiated in 1750 by Nizam [[Salabat Jung]] and designed along the lines of the [[Shah]]'s palace in [[Isfahan (city)|Isfahan]], this actually consists of a group of palaces each used as a [[Durbar Hall]]. It has now been aesthetically renovated and is also venue for conferences.
* [[Falaknuma Palace]] - Built by an Italian architect through one of the Paigah nobles, Nawab Viqar al-Umra', complete in Italian marble. It is a beautiful and stunning piece of architecture with [[Louis XIV]]-style decor, a lavish Mughal ambience, Italian marble staircases and ornate fountains. It has now been undertaken by Taj group to develop this as Heritage Hotel.
* [[Golkonda|Golconda Fort]] - Once abandoned by Qutub Shahis, Golconda Fort is one of the most magnificent fortress complexes in India. Seated on a hill on one side and spiraling fort on the other, its location and internal design made it one of the strongest forts in the world.
* [[Hussain Sagar]] - It is a man-made lake famous for the 19-metre tall Buddha statue on a platform island called ''Rock of Gibraltar'' present in the middle of the lake. Located on its banks is [[Tank Bund]] which consists of beautiful gardens and statues of famous personalities.
* [[Hyderabad Pearls]] - Hyderabad has always been referred to as the “city of pearls” even though it is far away from the sea.Some of the famous pearl shops in Hyderabad are: Mangatrai (Patthargatti and Basheerbagh), Kedarnathji Motiwale and Jagadamba (Charminar, Begumpet and M G Road ).
* [[Necklace road]] - This popular boulevard lies on the other side of the lake, linking the IMAX theatre and [[Sanjeevaiah park]]. This has become the-place-to-be for the Hyderabadis in the evenings. This strip provides a scenic atmosphere with lush lawns and long rows of flower beds. Eat-Street, Water Front are popular restaurants located on this strip. The latest addition to this strip is the Jala Vihar, a mini water world designed to soothe your senses. PV Ghat is also situated in memory of PV Narasimha Rao.
* [[Qutb Shahi Tombs]] - Home to various Tombs dedicated to Rulers of [[Qutub Shahi dynasty]], located at Shaikpet, near Golconda Fort. These are an example of Deccan architecture with large minarets, huge domes, delicate marble designs and multiple inner passages.
* [[Ramoji Film City]] (RFC) - It is the world’s largest integrated film studio cum theme park, at nearly 3,000 acres (8 km²). It is also one of Asia’s most popular tourism and recreation centres. Recently, it has made its way to the [[Guinness Book of World Records]] for being the largest film studio in the world. Opened in 1996, it is about 20 min. drive from Hyderabad on Vijayawada Highway.
* [[Salar Jung Museum]] - The museum houses the largest one-man collection of antiques in the world. Collections include''The Veiled Rebecca'' and other huge collection of artifacts dating back to a few centuries. A mere day isn't enough to cover the whole museum.
* [[Lumbini Park]] - Lumbini Park is a small public, urban park of 7.5 acres (0.030 km2; 0.0117 sq mi) adjacent to Hussain Sagar lake in the busy [[Necklace Road]] area. It has large tourist attractions. It is being maintained by [[Buddha Purnima Project Authority]] since 2000.<ref name="lumbini house">{{cite web|url=http://www.google.com/url?sa=D&q=http://www.hmdahyd.org/inside/bppa1.doc&usg=AFQjCNG2KEGuc2aoPGGuuMejWysKGbJdrA|title=BBPA|accessdate=2009-06-19}}</ref> One of the major terrorist acts took place here on August 25, 2007 in which 44 people were killed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2007/aug/25hydblast.htm|title=Hyderabad: 42 killed, 50 injured in twin blasts|last=Syed Amin Jafri|date=August 25, 2007<!-- 20:26 IST-->|publisher=Rediff News|accessdate=2009-06-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/01/14/stories/2005011414980300.htm|title=Trial run of laser show begins today|last=Staff Reporter|date=Friday, Jan 14, 2005|publisher=The Hindu - Online Edition of India's National Newspaper|accessdate=2009-06-19}}</ref>
== See also ==
* [[Hyderabad, Sindh]]
* [[List of people from Hyderabad]]
{{Portal|Hyderabad|Flag_of_India.svg|left=yes}}
{{clear}}
== References ==
{{Andhra Pradesh}}
{{World's most populated urban areas}}
[[ප්රවර්ගය:Hyderabad, India| ]]
[[ප්රවර්ගය:Indian capital cities]]
[[ප්රවර්ගය:Cities and towns in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[ප්රවර්ගය:Metropolitan cities in India]]
[[ප්රවර්ගය:Settlements established in 1590]]
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