"ව්යාප්ත වසංගත" හි සංශෝධන අතර වෙනස්කම්
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54 පේළිය:
=== Cholera ===
* [[First cholera pandemic]] 1816-1826. Previously restricted to the [[Indian subcontinent]], the pandemic began in [[Bengal]], then spread across India by 1820. 10,000 British troops and countless Indians died during this pandemic.<ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/intro/bio_cholera.htm Cholera- Biological Weapons]</ref> It extended as far as [[චීනය]], Indonesia (where more than 100,000 people succumbed on the island of [[Java]] alone) and the [[Caspian Sea]] before receding. Deaths in [[Indian subcontinent|India]] between 1817 and 1860 are estimated to have exceeded 15 million persons. Another 23 million died between 1865 and 1917. [[Russian Empire|Russian]] deaths during a similar time period exceeded 2 million.<ref>[http://www.earlyamerica.com/review/2000_fall/1832_cholera_part1.html The 1832 Cholera Epidemic in New York State]</ref>
* [[Second cholera pandemic]] 1829–1851. Reached Russia (see [[Cholera Riots]]), Hungary (about 100,000 deaths) and Germany in 1831, [[
* [[Third cholera pandemic|Third pandemic]] 1852–1860. Mainly affected [[Russia]], with over a million deaths. In 1852, cholera spread east to [[ඉන්දුනීසියාව]] and later invaded China and [[Japan]] in 1854. The Philippines were infected in 1858 and [[Korea]] in 1859. In 1859, an outbreak in Bengal once again led to the transmission of the disease to [[Iran]], [[Iraq]], [[Arabia]] and Russia.<ref>[http://www.ph.ucla.edu/epi/Snow/pandemic1846-63.html Asiatic Cholera Pandemic of 1846-63 ]. UCLA School of Public Health.</ref>
* [[Fourth cholera pandemic|Fourth pandemic]] 1863–1875. Spread mostly in [[Europe]] and [[Africa]]. At least 30,000 of the 90,000 [[Mecca]] pilgrims fell victim to the disease. Cholera claimed 90,000 lives in Russia in 1866.<ref>[http://www.shtetlinks.jewishgen.org/Myadel/pandemics.htm Eastern European Plagues and Epidemics 1300-1918]</ref>
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