The relation of the phases of the Moon with its revolution around Earth. The sizes of Earth and Moon, and their distance you see here are far from real.
On this image the following are also depicted: the synchronous rotation of the Moon, the motion of the Earth around the common center of mass, the difference between the sidereal and synodical month (green mark), the Earth's axial tilt.
(NOTE: the precise moment of a New Moon take place in daylight when you can see only the bright Sun.)
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